基于网格的信号交叉口交通流特性分析与数值仿真研究
发布时间:2018-11-24 19:53
【摘要】:城市道路交通系统由人、车、路以及环境等一些交通参与者和要素构成,具有复杂性、随机性、不稳定及影响因素较多等特性,是一个非常复杂的动态系统。随着社会经济的快速发展,城市机动车保有量和交通出行量都逐年上升,这导致了城市道路交通的严重堵塞,交通事故发生率的上升,,车辆行驶速度的下降,环境污染的加剧等一些严重问题。城市道路交通给社会和城市环境带来的不良影响越来越明显,已经变成阻止城市经济发展的一个障碍。当考虑到将来几年的交通出行时,在人口密集地区的大部分城市道路网已经达到其最大容量或将不能满足日益增长的需求。此时,分析和测试并开发一个能够使得现有基础设施更好利用的系统是非常紧迫的任务。因此,应用计算机技术进行仿真计算就成为了一种有效的技术手段。 对于交通信息的产生,交通流的建模与仿真是最有前途的策略之一。微观模拟模型的效率足够,可以在并联地实时再现整个道路网的流量。为了得出正确的各种交通情况,例如,瓶颈,交叉口的交通状态等,车辆的运行细节都必须仔细地加以界定。所以,本文中提出了一种基于道路网网格的信号控制交叉口微观仿真模型。该模型的特点在于:(1)细化了CA模型的路段及交叉口。(2)分别考虑了车辆在路段及交叉口区域的运行状态,如路段上的自由行驶、跟车及换车道行为,交叉口区域对车辆的限制等。最终,建立了单一信号控制交叉口仿真平台,并通过对模拟结果和实际观测数据的分析,验证了模型的可靠性。得出的交通流特征信息能够为交通诱导,交通分配及信号制定提供基础和依据。 本文提出的基于路网网格的单信号交叉口仿真模型,能够更加细致描绘路段及交叉口车辆的运行状态。该模型通过细化元胞自动机(CA)模型中的路网及交叉口的思路,从而弥补了CA模型在交叉口仿真方面的不足、同时进一步完善了车辆尺寸的设定和微观仿真的可视化。本文建立了信号交叉交通流仿真平台,模拟计算出二维交叉口各进口各车道的流量以及转向比例等数据。进行对比发现仿真输出结果与观测值基本吻合,验证了模型的可靠性。通过交通仿真,在短时间内可预测出大量的交通流特征数据,如流量、密度和速度等。而这些交通信息能够为交通实时诱导、交通分配提供依据,在减轻城市交路网通拥堵和制定信号控制交叉口管控决策等方面有重要的研究意义。 最后,总结了全文的工作,并指出了今后进一步研究的交通流问题的重点和发展方向。
[Abstract]:Urban road traffic system is a very complex dynamic system, which is composed of some traffic participants and elements, such as human, vehicle, road and environment. It has the characteristics of complexity, randomness, instability and influence factors. With the rapid development of social economy, the number of urban motor vehicles and the amount of traffic travel are increasing year by year, which leads to the serious congestion of urban road traffic, the increase of the incidence of traffic accidents and the decrease of vehicle speed. The aggravation of environmental pollution and other serious problems. The adverse effects of urban road traffic on society and urban environment are becoming more and more obvious, which has become an obstacle to the development of urban economy. When considering traffic travel in the next few years, most urban road networks in densely populated areas have reached their maximum capacity or will not be able to meet the growing demand. At this point, it is urgent to analyze and test and develop a system that can make better use of existing infrastructure. Therefore, the application of computer technology for simulation calculation has become an effective technical means. For the generation of traffic information, traffic flow modeling and simulation is one of the most promising strategies. The microscopic simulation model is efficient enough to reproduce the flow of the whole road network in parallel. In order to obtain the correct traffic conditions, such as bottlenecks, traffic conditions at intersections and so on, the operation details of vehicles must be carefully defined. Therefore, a micro simulation model of signal-controlled intersection based on road network grid is proposed in this paper. The characteristics of the model are as follows: (1) the section and intersection of CA model are refined. (2) the running state of vehicle in the section and intersection area is considered, such as free driving, following and changing lane behavior. Restrictions on vehicles at intersections, etc. Finally, the simulation platform of single signal control intersection is established, and the reliability of the model is verified by analyzing the simulation results and actual observation data. The characteristic information of traffic flow can provide the basis and basis for traffic guidance, traffic assignment and signal formulation. The simulation model of single signal intersection based on road network grid is presented in this paper, which can describe the running state of road sections and intersections in more detail. In this model, the road network and intersection in cellular automata (CA) model are refined, which makes up for the deficiency of CA model in intersection simulation, and further improves the setting of vehicle size and the visualization of microscopic simulation. In this paper, a signal-crossing traffic flow simulation platform is established to simulate and calculate the traffic flow and steering ratio of each lane at the 2-D intersection. It is found that the simulation results are in good agreement with the observed values, and the reliability of the model is verified. Through traffic simulation, a large number of traffic flow characteristic data, such as flow, density and speed, can be predicted in a short time. These traffic information can provide the basis for real-time traffic guidance and traffic allocation, and have important significance in reducing traffic congestion and making signal-controlled intersection control decisions. Finally, the paper summarizes the work of the paper, and points out the emphasis and development direction of the traffic flow problem in the future.
【学位授予单位】:新疆大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2014
【分类号】:U491.23;U491.112
本文编号:2354833
[Abstract]:Urban road traffic system is a very complex dynamic system, which is composed of some traffic participants and elements, such as human, vehicle, road and environment. It has the characteristics of complexity, randomness, instability and influence factors. With the rapid development of social economy, the number of urban motor vehicles and the amount of traffic travel are increasing year by year, which leads to the serious congestion of urban road traffic, the increase of the incidence of traffic accidents and the decrease of vehicle speed. The aggravation of environmental pollution and other serious problems. The adverse effects of urban road traffic on society and urban environment are becoming more and more obvious, which has become an obstacle to the development of urban economy. When considering traffic travel in the next few years, most urban road networks in densely populated areas have reached their maximum capacity or will not be able to meet the growing demand. At this point, it is urgent to analyze and test and develop a system that can make better use of existing infrastructure. Therefore, the application of computer technology for simulation calculation has become an effective technical means. For the generation of traffic information, traffic flow modeling and simulation is one of the most promising strategies. The microscopic simulation model is efficient enough to reproduce the flow of the whole road network in parallel. In order to obtain the correct traffic conditions, such as bottlenecks, traffic conditions at intersections and so on, the operation details of vehicles must be carefully defined. Therefore, a micro simulation model of signal-controlled intersection based on road network grid is proposed in this paper. The characteristics of the model are as follows: (1) the section and intersection of CA model are refined. (2) the running state of vehicle in the section and intersection area is considered, such as free driving, following and changing lane behavior. Restrictions on vehicles at intersections, etc. Finally, the simulation platform of single signal control intersection is established, and the reliability of the model is verified by analyzing the simulation results and actual observation data. The characteristic information of traffic flow can provide the basis and basis for traffic guidance, traffic assignment and signal formulation. The simulation model of single signal intersection based on road network grid is presented in this paper, which can describe the running state of road sections and intersections in more detail. In this model, the road network and intersection in cellular automata (CA) model are refined, which makes up for the deficiency of CA model in intersection simulation, and further improves the setting of vehicle size and the visualization of microscopic simulation. In this paper, a signal-crossing traffic flow simulation platform is established to simulate and calculate the traffic flow and steering ratio of each lane at the 2-D intersection. It is found that the simulation results are in good agreement with the observed values, and the reliability of the model is verified. Through traffic simulation, a large number of traffic flow characteristic data, such as flow, density and speed, can be predicted in a short time. These traffic information can provide the basis for real-time traffic guidance and traffic allocation, and have important significance in reducing traffic congestion and making signal-controlled intersection control decisions. Finally, the paper summarizes the work of the paper, and points out the emphasis and development direction of the traffic flow problem in the future.
【学位授予单位】:新疆大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2014
【分类号】:U491.23;U491.112
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