城市干道信号控制交叉口间距研究

发布时间：2018-12-07 17:29

【摘要】：随着城市交通问题日渐突出,城市干道交通设施空间优化问题得到重视。作为城市干道空间优化的重要部分,合理的干道信号控制交叉口间距有助于减少交通拥堵,提高安全水平,同时对道路交通工程设施改善、干道交叉口管理、能源节约和环境污染降低有一定的有利影响。目前,单点信号控制系统已较难缓解城市交通压力。干道信号协调控制系统的普及与合理应用成为城市道路网信号控制的必然趋势。但针对城市干道信号协调控制交叉口设置,我国现缺乏系统规范与研究成果。目前城市道路普遍存在信号控制交叉口密度大、位置随意等现象。该现象不仅影响干道协调控制的功能发挥,而且易形成安全隐患。论文将基于交叉口路径关联度,提出适用于干道协调控制的交叉口间距确定方法。论文首先,针对城市干道信号控制十字形平面交叉口的交通运行安全、效率两方面进行理论分析。通过分析交叉口交通流规律、驾驶员行为特性、车辆交通行为,阐述城市干道信号交叉口的交通安全状况；通过分析交叉口交通信号控制方式、控制参数、协调方式,阐述城市干道信号交叉口的交通效率问题。其次,通过分析车辆感知反应、制动、排队等操作,提出信号控制交叉口上游功能区长度模型；选取停车视距作为下游功能区长度计算模型。分析交叉口相邻功能区之间的车辆变换车道行为,并结合安全交叉臼视距,提出交叉口最小安全间距计算模型。然后,论文分析干线协调控制系统的实施条件、交通流分布特性及最大容许交叉口间距。通过对过饱和状态、信号周期的分析,提出交叉口相关性与交叉口实施干线协调控制的关系。综合考虑离散性关联度与阻滞性关联度,并将路径关联度作为评判交叉口协调控制优先级别的标准。采用循环迭代算法求解干线交叉口间距。最后,论文选取实际交叉口所组成的干线道路网作为研究对象,并对实测数据进行推导与仿真,验证本文所提出的交叉口间距确定方法的有效性。通过行程时间与延误比较其效率,继而对模型进行客观评价。论文研究提出的干线交叉口间距模型,经仿真发现交叉口间距改善后,干道行程时间缩短且延误降低。该研究结果表明,合理的干线信号控制交叉口间距有助于改善城市干道交叉口运行效率,提高交通工程设施设置合理性,有一定推广应用和深入研究的价值。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly prominent urban traffic problems, urban trunk road traffic facilities space optimization problem has been paid attention to. As an important part of urban trunk road spatial optimization, reasonable signal control intersections can help to reduce traffic congestion, improve safety level, improve road traffic engineering facilities, and manage main road intersections. Energy conservation and environmental pollution reduction have a certain beneficial effect. At present, the single-point signal control system has been difficult to alleviate the urban traffic pressure. The popularization and rational application of coordinated control system of trunk road signal has become an inevitable trend of urban road network signal control. However, there is a lack of systematic specification and research results in China for the signal coordinated control intersection of urban trunk roads. At present, there are many phenomena such as high density of signal-controlled intersection and random location on urban roads. This phenomenon not only affects the function of coordinated control of trunk roads, but also easily forms a hidden safety hazard. Based on the correlation degree of intersections, this paper presents a method for determining intersections spacing, which is suitable for coordinated control of trunk roads. Firstly, the paper analyzes the traffic safety and efficiency of signal-controlled cross intersection. Based on the analysis of traffic flow law, driver behavior and vehicle traffic behavior at intersections, the traffic safety of signalized intersections of urban trunk roads is expounded. By analyzing the traffic signal control mode, control parameters and coordination mode of intersection, the traffic efficiency of signalized intersection of urban trunk road is discussed. Secondly, by analyzing the vehicle perceptual response, braking, queuing and other operations, the upstream functional area length model of signal-controlled intersection is proposed, and the parking horizon is selected as the downstream functional area length calculation model. This paper analyzes the vehicle lane changing behavior between adjacent functional areas of intersection, and puts forward a model for calculating the minimum safe distance between intersections in combination with the safety crossing horizon. Then, the paper analyzes the implementation conditions, traffic flow distribution characteristics and maximum allowable intersections spacing of the trunk line coordinated control system. Based on the analysis of supersaturated state and signal period, the relationship between intersection correlation and the coordinated control of intersections is put forward. The discrete correlation degree and the block correlation degree are considered synthetically, and the path correlation degree is regarded as the criterion to judge the priority level of coordinated control in intersection. The circular iterative algorithm is used to calculate the intersections spacing. Finally, the paper selects the trunk road network composed of the actual intersection as the research object, deduces and simulates the measured data, and verifies the validity of the method proposed in this paper. The efficiency of the model is compared by travel time and delay, and the model is evaluated objectively. In this paper, the distance model of trunk road intersections is studied. It is found by simulation that the travel time of trunk roads is shortened and the delay is reduced when the intersections' spacing is improved. The research results show that reasonable intersections spacing controlled by trunk signal is helpful to improve the operation efficiency of urban trunk road intersections and to improve the rationality of traffic engineering facilities, which is worth popularizing, applying and studying deeply.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.54;U491.23

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