海浪气动干扰条件下桥梁气动性能试验研究
发布时间：2018-12-15 07:46
【摘要】：大跨度跨海桥梁结构质量相对越来越轻、结构刚度越来越小、结构阻尼越来越低,因而导致桥梁结构对风致作用的敏感性越来越大。在强风条件下,海面常常会伴随着巨浪汹涌,这就使得跨海桥梁结构在风和浪作用下的响应更加复杂。当桥梁主梁离海平面较近,而且海浪较高时,海浪会对风场特性及桥梁的气动特性产生不可忽略的影响。般而言,对于“矮桥高浪”情况,即主梁越低,波浪越高,波浪对桥梁气动特性的干扰效应会越显著。但是,国内外有关海浪对桥梁气动干扰的研究较为缺乏。 本文采用风洞试验方法,主要研究了连续海浪气动干扰条件下的风场特性以及桥梁主梁静气动力特性。研究采用的海浪和桥梁主梁风洞试验模型均为刚体模型,即忽略海浪和桥梁主梁气动外形变化。本文主要工作内容如下： (1)第一章介绍了本文的选题背景、研究现状、研究内容及意义。 (2)第二章简述了波浪作用的基本原理,并据其原理仅考虑极端海浪双波峰的情况下抽象简化选择了两种海浪形状,即正弦波形和三角形波形。 (3)第三章介绍了桥梁抗风的一些相关理论,主要包括近地风特性,风对桥梁结构的静力作用、动力作用。重点介绍了平均风和脉动风特性及桥梁断面的三分力系数,为后文研究海浪干扰条件下风场特性及主梁静气动力提供理论支持。 (4)第四章利用风洞试验研究双峰波浪干扰条件下的风场特性：研究对象为正弦形和三角形波形。在风洞中波浪在其风向某范围内移动,保持测点位置不动,同步测量各测点风场特性参数,分析其在不同波形波浪下在风场中不同位置处的三维脉动风速、攻角和静压的变化规律。主要结论：波浪后近区域流场非常复杂,各参数脉动剧烈,攻角效应明显；在此区域风场特性受波浪影响较大,尤其是当波峰接近测点时,效应十分明显,而且测点离海平面越近,气动干扰效应越发明显。 (5)第五章利用风洞试验研究双峰波浪干扰流场条件下主梁静风荷载效应：研究对象为2种波形和1种流线箱型主梁断面。并与一般无干扰条件下的结果进行比较分析,从而得到一些对于抗风设计有利用价值的信息。主要结论：由于波浪的气动干扰,主梁静三分力系数相对高于无干扰工况,波浪对主梁静三分力系数影响较大,尤其是当波浪移动到主梁下方附近区域时,影响最为显著,一般起不利作用；一般而言,波浪越高、波形越抖、主梁越低即主梁梁底离水面越近,波浪的干扰效应越明显。 (6)本文研究方法和结论可为大跨度跨海桥梁抗风设计提供有益的参考和借鉴。
[Abstract]:The structure mass of long-span sea bridge is lighter and lighter, the stiffness of the bridge is smaller and the damping of the bridge is lower and lower, so the sensitivity of the bridge structure to the wind-induced action is more and more great. Under the strong wind conditions, the sea surface is often accompanied by heavy waves, which makes the response of cross-sea bridge structure more complex under the action of wind and waves. When the main girder of the bridge is close to sea level and the waves are high, the wind field and the aerodynamic characteristics of the bridge can not be ignored. In general, for the case of "high wave of short bridge", that is, the lower the main beam, the higher the wave, and the more significant the interference effect of wave to the aerodynamic characteristics of bridge. However, there is a lack of research on aerodynamic interference caused by sea waves at home and abroad. In this paper, the wind field characteristics and the static aerodynamic characteristics of the main girder of the bridge under the condition of continuous wave aerodynamic disturbance are studied by using wind tunnel test method. The wind tunnel test models of ocean wave and bridge main girder are rigid body model, that is to say, the change of aerodynamic shape of wave and bridge main girder is ignored. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) Chapter 1 introduces the background, research status, research content and significance of this paper. (2) in the second chapter, the basic principle of wave action is briefly introduced. According to the principle, two kinds of wave shapes, namely sine wave shape and triangular wave form, are abstractly selected under the condition of considering only two extreme wave peaks. (3) in the third chapter, some related theories of bridge wind resistance are introduced, including the characteristics of near-earth wind, the static action of wind on the bridge structure, and the dynamic action. The characteristics of average wind and pulsating wind and the three-point force coefficient of bridge section are introduced in detail, which provides theoretical support for the study of wind field characteristics and static aerodynamic force of main beam under the condition of wave disturbance. (4) in chapter 4, wind field characteristics under bimodal wave interference are studied by wind tunnel test: sinusoidal and triangular waveforms are studied. In the wind tunnel, the wave moves within a certain range of wind direction, keeps the measuring point position fixed, measures the characteristic parameters of wind field at each measuring point synchronously, and analyzes the three dimensional pulsating wind speed at different positions in the wind field under different wave waveforms. The variation of angle of attack and static pressure. The main conclusions are as follows: the flow field in the near region behind the wave is very complex, the pulsation of each parameter is intense, and the angle of attack effect is obvious. The characteristics of wind field in this area are greatly affected by waves, especially when the peak is close to the measured point, the effect is very obvious, and the closer the measured point is to sea level, the more obvious the aerodynamic interference effect is. (5) in chapter 5, the static wind load effect of main beam under bimodal wave interference is studied by wind tunnel test: two kinds of waveforms and one section of streamline box girder are studied. The results are compared with the results under general non-interference conditions, and some useful information for wind-resistant design is obtained. The main conclusions are as follows: due to the aerodynamic disturbance of the wave, the static three-point force coefficient of the main beam is relatively higher than that of the non-interference condition, and the wave has a great influence on the static three-point force coefficient of the main beam, especially when the wave moves to the area near the main beam. (B) generally adverse effects; Generally speaking, the higher the wave, the more shaking the wave, the lower the main beam, that is, the closer the beam bottom is to the water, the more obvious the wave interference effect is. (6) the research methods and conclusions in this paper can provide a useful reference for the wind-resistant design of long-span cross-sea bridges.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U446;U441.3
本文编号：2380279
[Abstract]:The structure mass of long-span sea bridge is lighter and lighter, the stiffness of the bridge is smaller and the damping of the bridge is lower and lower, so the sensitivity of the bridge structure to the wind-induced action is more and more great. Under the strong wind conditions, the sea surface is often accompanied by heavy waves, which makes the response of cross-sea bridge structure more complex under the action of wind and waves. When the main girder of the bridge is close to sea level and the waves are high, the wind field and the aerodynamic characteristics of the bridge can not be ignored. In general, for the case of "high wave of short bridge", that is, the lower the main beam, the higher the wave, and the more significant the interference effect of wave to the aerodynamic characteristics of bridge. However, there is a lack of research on aerodynamic interference caused by sea waves at home and abroad. In this paper, the wind field characteristics and the static aerodynamic characteristics of the main girder of the bridge under the condition of continuous wave aerodynamic disturbance are studied by using wind tunnel test method. The wind tunnel test models of ocean wave and bridge main girder are rigid body model, that is to say, the change of aerodynamic shape of wave and bridge main girder is ignored. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) Chapter 1 introduces the background, research status, research content and significance of this paper. (2) in the second chapter, the basic principle of wave action is briefly introduced. According to the principle, two kinds of wave shapes, namely sine wave shape and triangular wave form, are abstractly selected under the condition of considering only two extreme wave peaks. (3) in the third chapter, some related theories of bridge wind resistance are introduced, including the characteristics of near-earth wind, the static action of wind on the bridge structure, and the dynamic action. The characteristics of average wind and pulsating wind and the three-point force coefficient of bridge section are introduced in detail, which provides theoretical support for the study of wind field characteristics and static aerodynamic force of main beam under the condition of wave disturbance. (4) in chapter 4, wind field characteristics under bimodal wave interference are studied by wind tunnel test: sinusoidal and triangular waveforms are studied. In the wind tunnel, the wave moves within a certain range of wind direction, keeps the measuring point position fixed, measures the characteristic parameters of wind field at each measuring point synchronously, and analyzes the three dimensional pulsating wind speed at different positions in the wind field under different wave waveforms. The variation of angle of attack and static pressure. The main conclusions are as follows: the flow field in the near region behind the wave is very complex, the pulsation of each parameter is intense, and the angle of attack effect is obvious. The characteristics of wind field in this area are greatly affected by waves, especially when the peak is close to the measured point, the effect is very obvious, and the closer the measured point is to sea level, the more obvious the aerodynamic interference effect is. (5) in chapter 5, the static wind load effect of main beam under bimodal wave interference is studied by wind tunnel test: two kinds of waveforms and one section of streamline box girder are studied. The results are compared with the results under general non-interference conditions, and some useful information for wind-resistant design is obtained. The main conclusions are as follows: due to the aerodynamic disturbance of the wave, the static three-point force coefficient of the main beam is relatively higher than that of the non-interference condition, and the wave has a great influence on the static three-point force coefficient of the main beam, especially when the wave moves to the area near the main beam. (B) generally adverse effects; Generally speaking, the higher the wave, the more shaking the wave, the lower the main beam, that is, the closer the beam bottom is to the water, the more obvious the wave interference effect is. (6) the research methods and conclusions in this paper can provide a useful reference for the wind-resistant design of long-span cross-sea bridges.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U446;U441.3
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