交通灯智能配时模型算法的研究
发布时间：2018-12-16 10:17
【摘要】：当前我国绝大部分地区交通信号灯仍然采用的是固定周期的交通信号控制方式,即交通信号灯按照预先设定好的固定周期和预置的相位进行工作。这种交通信号灯适合安装在可以预估交通流量和交通类型的区域。但随着城市的建设发展,这种定时控制的方式不能满足和适应交通流量的短期波动变化,其部分改进方式也只是将交通灯周期简单地分为高峰期与一般时期,并没有实时性。因而当交通流量突变的时候,会引起严重的车辆延误。不能适应交通道路状况的实时变化,不仅会造成时间的浪费,也带来了相应的经济问题,环境问题。 本文首先介绍了国内外的研究现状以及存在的问题。 随后对建立交通信号控制模型所涉及到的基本概念、基本理论与基本方法进行较为全面深入的阐述。通过对交通信号控制理论的学习,知道了各交通信号控制参数(信号周期,绿信比等),交通流参数(饱和流量,通行能力等)对交通控制的重要性,及评判道路交通好坏的性能指标参数(延误时间,停车次数等)。 其次对单交叉口信号控制进行了研究,主要对定时控制、感应控制等控制方式分别进行深入的分析,了解其各自的优劣势,工作原理等。 接着从数学角度建立交通信号配时模型。考虑到实际实验数据采集的方便性及可靠性,采用排队长度作为参考指标,同时在对比分析了现有的车辆检测技术后,选择用环形线圈检测技术与视频车辆检测技术来为系统做数据采集。在建模中,使用关键车流来确定交叉口的车流选择,以不改变交通相位和周期时长为前提,只对各相位的绿灯时长进行调整,使得整个交叉口总延误时间尽可能的短,各车流方向的排队长度达到相对平衡为目标。然后以一个实际的T型路口交通流情况,对模型进行验证。最后对模型算法流程进行了描述。 再者,综合比较了几种常见的交通仿真软件,选择VISSIM仿真软件对交通流进行仿真,根据模型算法流程对交通信号控制进行不断的调整,通过两组实验进行测试及对其结果进行分析,验证了此模型算法流程在交通信号控制中的可行性。同时还对其产生的经济效益及环境效益进行了相关的分析。 最后本文在结尾处,对所做的工作进行了总结,对不足之处,可改进的地方也进行了讨论。
[Abstract]:At present, traffic signals in most areas of our country still use the fixed period traffic signal control mode, that is, the traffic signal lights work according to the preset fixed period and preset phase. The traffic lights are fitted in areas where traffic flow and traffic types can be estimated. However, with the development of urban construction, the timing control method can not meet and adapt to the short-term fluctuation of traffic flow, and some of its improved methods are simply divided into peak period and general period, and there is no real time. Therefore, when the traffic flow changes, it will cause serious vehicle delay. Not being able to adapt to the real time change of traffic condition will not only cause time waste, but also bring about corresponding economic and environmental problems. This paper first introduces the domestic and foreign research status and existing problems. Then, the basic concepts, basic theories and methods involved in the establishment of traffic signal control model are expounded comprehensively and deeply. Through the study of traffic signal control theory, the importance of traffic signal control parameters (signal cycle, green letter ratio, etc.) and traffic flow parameters (saturated flow, traffic capacity, etc.) to traffic control is known. And evaluation of road traffic quality performance parameters (delay time, parking times, etc.). Secondly, the signal control of single intersection is studied. The control methods such as timing control and induction control are analyzed in depth to understand their advantages and disadvantages, working principles and so on. Then the traffic signal timing model is established from the mathematical point of view. Considering the convenience and reliability of the actual experimental data acquisition, the queue length is used as the reference index, and the existing vehicle detection technology is compared and analyzed. Loop coil detection technology and video vehicle detection technology are selected to do data acquisition for the system. In the modeling, the key traffic flow is used to determine the traffic flow selection at the intersection. The traffic phase and cycle time are not changed, and only the green light time of each phase is adjusted to make the total delay time of the intersection as short as possible. The queue length in each direction of traffic flow is relatively balanced. Then the model is verified by a real T-junction traffic flow. Finally, the flow of the model algorithm is described. Furthermore, several common traffic simulation softwares are compared, VISSIM simulation software is selected to simulate traffic flow, and traffic signal control is constantly adjusted according to the flow of the model algorithm. Two groups of experiments were carried out and the results were analyzed, and the feasibility of the model algorithm in traffic signal control was verified. At the same time, the economic and environmental benefits are analyzed. Finally, at the end of this paper, the work done is summarized, and the shortcomings and improvements are also discussed.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.54
本文编号：2382178
[Abstract]:At present, traffic signals in most areas of our country still use the fixed period traffic signal control mode, that is, the traffic signal lights work according to the preset fixed period and preset phase. The traffic lights are fitted in areas where traffic flow and traffic types can be estimated. However, with the development of urban construction, the timing control method can not meet and adapt to the short-term fluctuation of traffic flow, and some of its improved methods are simply divided into peak period and general period, and there is no real time. Therefore, when the traffic flow changes, it will cause serious vehicle delay. Not being able to adapt to the real time change of traffic condition will not only cause time waste, but also bring about corresponding economic and environmental problems. This paper first introduces the domestic and foreign research status and existing problems. Then, the basic concepts, basic theories and methods involved in the establishment of traffic signal control model are expounded comprehensively and deeply. Through the study of traffic signal control theory, the importance of traffic signal control parameters (signal cycle, green letter ratio, etc.) and traffic flow parameters (saturated flow, traffic capacity, etc.) to traffic control is known. And evaluation of road traffic quality performance parameters (delay time, parking times, etc.). Secondly, the signal control of single intersection is studied. The control methods such as timing control and induction control are analyzed in depth to understand their advantages and disadvantages, working principles and so on. Then the traffic signal timing model is established from the mathematical point of view. Considering the convenience and reliability of the actual experimental data acquisition, the queue length is used as the reference index, and the existing vehicle detection technology is compared and analyzed. Loop coil detection technology and video vehicle detection technology are selected to do data acquisition for the system. In the modeling, the key traffic flow is used to determine the traffic flow selection at the intersection. The traffic phase and cycle time are not changed, and only the green light time of each phase is adjusted to make the total delay time of the intersection as short as possible. The queue length in each direction of traffic flow is relatively balanced. Then the model is verified by a real T-junction traffic flow. Finally, the flow of the model algorithm is described. Furthermore, several common traffic simulation softwares are compared, VISSIM simulation software is selected to simulate traffic flow, and traffic signal control is constantly adjusted according to the flow of the model algorithm. Two groups of experiments were carried out and the results were analyzed, and the feasibility of the model algorithm in traffic signal control was verified. At the same time, the economic and environmental benefits are analyzed. Finally, at the end of this paper, the work done is summarized, and the shortcomings and improvements are also discussed.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.54
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相关期刊论文 前2条
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，本文编号：2382178
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