隧道水平薄层状围岩多向倾斜组合式锚固体系研究
发布时间：2019-01-03 19:52
【摘要】：在隧道工程施工中，不可避免会穿越水平薄层状围岩地段，传统的竖直锚固体系设计与施工方法具有容易导致人员被砸伤的危险，施工质量不易保证等缺陷。本文提出的多向倾斜组合式锚固体系采用与水平薄层状围岩倾斜向锚杆和垂直岩层锚杆相结合的方式来支护围岩，通过对倾斜向锚杆和垂直向锚杆在空间布置、施工时间上的优化设计来完成围岩的锚固施工，保证施工的安全。论文结合实际隧道施工采用理论分析、力学公式推导、数值模拟等手段主要开展了以下工作： （1）分析了水平薄层状岩体的结构特征和失稳机理，水平薄层状岩体的破坏主要受到结构面和层理面控制，其常见的破坏方式是顶板因离层发生弯折塌落破坏，，总结了四种隧道围岩稳定性判别依据及隧道围岩失稳的影响因素，通过力学模型具体阐明了隧道水平薄层状围岩的失稳现象以及影响其失稳的相关因子。 （2）通过理论分析确定了采用隧道锚杆支护围岩可以有效的减少围岩的径向位移，对维护隧道围岩的稳定性具有重要的意义，并针对隧道水平薄层状围岩中采用的锚固支护，总结了相应的锚杆锚固作用机理。 （3）提出了隧道水平薄层状围岩多向倾斜组合式锚固体系，理论计算验证其具有和传统的垂直层面锚固方式相同的锚固围岩效果。 （4）以某水平薄层状围岩隧道工程为研究背景，应用FLAC3D软件进行数值模拟，研究了多向倾斜组合式锚固体系中倾斜锚杆以不同倾向、倾角和间距锚固围岩的效果，结合实际隧道施工对新锚固体系的参数进行了优化，并对其具体布置形式和安设方法作了详细的说明。 （5）结合水平薄层状围岩隧道的施工情况，提出了多向倾斜组合锚固体系的钻孔质量、锚杆质量、锚固质量及整体支护效果的评价方法。 本文对水平薄层状围岩隧道的稳定性进行了系统而全面的研究，基于水平薄层状围岩隧道的地质特点、围岩的力学特性以及传统的竖直围岩锚固系统的不足，结合隧道实际施工，提出多向倾斜组合式锚固体系。新体系不仅能满足锚固的需求，同时也能降低施工风险，保证施工人员的生命安全，提高隧道施工质量，对此类围岩情况的隧道开挖支护设计、施工具有很好的指导、借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:In the construction of tunnel engineering, it is inevitable to pass through the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock section. The traditional design and construction method of vertical anchoring system has the defects of easily causing people to be smashed and injured, and the construction quality is not easy to guarantee. In this paper, the multi-directional inclined composite anchoring system is proposed to support the surrounding rock by combining with the horizontal thin-layer wall rock inclined anchor rod and the vertical rock layer anchor rod, and through the arrangement of the inclined anchor rod and the vertical anchor rod in the space. Construction time optimization design to complete the surrounding rock anchoring construction, to ensure the safety of construction. Combined with the actual tunnel construction, the paper mainly carried out the following work by means of theoretical analysis, mechanical formula derivation and numerical simulation. (1) the structural characteristics and instability mechanism of horizontal thin-layer rock mass were analyzed. The failure of horizontal thin-layer rock mass is mainly controlled by the structural plane and the bedding plane. The common failure mode is the collapse of the roof due to the separation of the strata. Four criteria for judging the stability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel and the influencing factors for the instability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel are summarized. Through the mechanical model, the instability phenomenon of the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock and the related factors affecting its instability are expounded in detail. (2) through theoretical analysis, it is determined that the radial displacement of surrounding rock can be reduced effectively by using bolt support of tunnel, and it is of great significance to maintain the stability of surrounding rock of tunnel, and aiming at the anchoring support used in the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock of tunnel, The anchoring mechanism is summarized. (3) the multi-directional inclined composite anchoring system of horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock is put forward, and the theoretical calculation proves that it has the same anchoring effect as the traditional vertical plane anchoring method. (4) based on the research background of a horizontal and thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel project, the effect of anchoring surrounding rock with different inclination, inclination angle and spacing in multi-direction inclined composite anchoring system is studied by using FLAC3D software. The parameters of the new anchoring system are optimized in combination with the actual tunnel construction, and the concrete arrangement forms and installation methods are explained in detail. (5) combined with the construction of horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel, the evaluation method of drilling hole quality, bolt quality, anchoring quality and overall supporting effect of multi-direction inclined composite anchoring system is put forward. This paper makes a systematic and comprehensive study on the stability of the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel. Based on the geological characteristics of the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel, the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock and the shortcomings of the traditional vertical surrounding rock anchoring system, the paper makes a systematic and comprehensive study on the stability of the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel. Combined with the actual construction of the tunnel, the multi-directional inclined combined Anchorage system is put forward. The new system can not only meet the demand of anchoring, but also reduce the risk of construction, ensure the safety of construction personnel, improve the quality of tunnel construction, and provide good guidance for the design of tunnel excavation and support in this kind of surrounding rock situation. Reference significance.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U451.2
本文编号：2399806
[Abstract]:In the construction of tunnel engineering, it is inevitable to pass through the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock section. The traditional design and construction method of vertical anchoring system has the defects of easily causing people to be smashed and injured, and the construction quality is not easy to guarantee. In this paper, the multi-directional inclined composite anchoring system is proposed to support the surrounding rock by combining with the horizontal thin-layer wall rock inclined anchor rod and the vertical rock layer anchor rod, and through the arrangement of the inclined anchor rod and the vertical anchor rod in the space. Construction time optimization design to complete the surrounding rock anchoring construction, to ensure the safety of construction. Combined with the actual tunnel construction, the paper mainly carried out the following work by means of theoretical analysis, mechanical formula derivation and numerical simulation. (1) the structural characteristics and instability mechanism of horizontal thin-layer rock mass were analyzed. The failure of horizontal thin-layer rock mass is mainly controlled by the structural plane and the bedding plane. The common failure mode is the collapse of the roof due to the separation of the strata. Four criteria for judging the stability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel and the influencing factors for the instability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel are summarized. Through the mechanical model, the instability phenomenon of the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock and the related factors affecting its instability are expounded in detail. (2) through theoretical analysis, it is determined that the radial displacement of surrounding rock can be reduced effectively by using bolt support of tunnel, and it is of great significance to maintain the stability of surrounding rock of tunnel, and aiming at the anchoring support used in the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock of tunnel, The anchoring mechanism is summarized. (3) the multi-directional inclined composite anchoring system of horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock is put forward, and the theoretical calculation proves that it has the same anchoring effect as the traditional vertical plane anchoring method. (4) based on the research background of a horizontal and thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel project, the effect of anchoring surrounding rock with different inclination, inclination angle and spacing in multi-direction inclined composite anchoring system is studied by using FLAC3D software. The parameters of the new anchoring system are optimized in combination with the actual tunnel construction, and the concrete arrangement forms and installation methods are explained in detail. (5) combined with the construction of horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel, the evaluation method of drilling hole quality, bolt quality, anchoring quality and overall supporting effect of multi-direction inclined composite anchoring system is put forward. This paper makes a systematic and comprehensive study on the stability of the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel. Based on the geological characteristics of the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel, the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock and the shortcomings of the traditional vertical surrounding rock anchoring system, the paper makes a systematic and comprehensive study on the stability of the horizontal thin-layer surrounding rock tunnel. Combined with the actual construction of the tunnel, the multi-directional inclined combined Anchorage system is put forward. The new system can not only meet the demand of anchoring, but also reduce the risk of construction, ensure the safety of construction personnel, improve the quality of tunnel construction, and provide good guidance for the design of tunnel excavation and support in this kind of surrounding rock situation. Reference significance.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U451.2
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