突发灾害下应急物流车辆调度问题的研究

发布时间：2019-01-08 21:13

【摘要】：近年来，随着经济高速发展，自然环境受到严重破坏，自然灾害频繁发生，，人口的急剧增长也加剧了社会的不稳定发展，导致各种社会矛盾的出现，爆发了许多公共安全事件。国内外各类自然灾害、恐怖事件、中毒事件、生产事故、交通事故和传染病疫情等时有发生。国外对于应急物流车辆调度的研究较早，我国的研究相对来说比较晚，面对突发灾害事件时，不能做到立刻响应和实现及时合理的车辆调度，所以我国对应急物流车辆调度问题的研究变得更加迫切。为了更好地解决应急物流车辆调度问题，需要建立仿真性较高的数学模型，并且提出解决指定车辆调度问题的算法。本文首先综述了近几年来国内外对应急物流车辆调度问题的研究现状，总结了突发灾害应急物流情况下，车辆调度问题的基本要求及解决方法。其次，基于一些合理的基本假设，根据上述的研究成果，建立了突发灾害下应急物流车辆调度问题的数学模型。以时间最短为目标函数，同时加入了需求紧急程度以及多车型等因素，使得数学模型更贴近实际问题。最后介绍并设计了遗传算法用来求解此数学模型。在Matlab软件中实现遗传算子的编码过程，完成对车辆调度问题的优化，求得最优路径以及最优解。经算例验证了模型以及算法的可行性，证明了本文的研究方法是一种求解突发灾害应急物流车辆调度问题有效方法。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of economy, the natural environment is seriously damaged, natural disasters occur frequently, and the rapid increase of population intensifies the unstable development of the society, which leads to the emergence of various social contradictions and the outbreak of many public safety events. Natural disasters, terror, poisoning, production accidents, traffic accidents and infectious diseases occur frequently at home and abroad. The research on emergency logistics vehicle scheduling in foreign countries is earlier, and the research in our country is relatively late. In the face of sudden disasters, it is not possible to respond immediately and to achieve timely and reasonable vehicle scheduling. Therefore, the study of emergency logistics vehicle scheduling problem becomes more urgent in our country. In order to solve the emergency logistics vehicle scheduling problem, it is necessary to establish a high simulation mathematical model, and to propose an algorithm to solve the designated vehicle scheduling problem. This paper firstly summarizes the research status of emergency logistics vehicle scheduling problem in recent years at home and abroad, summarizes the basic requirements and solutions of vehicle scheduling problem under the emergency logistics situation of sudden disasters. Secondly, based on some reasonable basic assumptions, the mathematical model of emergency logistics vehicle scheduling problem is established according to the above research results. Taking the shortest time as the objective function and adding some factors such as the emergency degree of demand and the multi-vehicle model, the mathematical model is closer to the practical problem. Finally, genetic algorithm is introduced and designed to solve the mathematical model. The coding process of genetic operator is realized in Matlab software, the vehicle scheduling problem is optimized, and the optimal path and solution are obtained. The feasibility of the model and the algorithm is verified by an example. It is proved that the research method in this paper is an effective method to solve the emergency logistics vehicle scheduling problem of sudden disasters.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U492.22

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