基于遗传算法的立体车库路径优化方法研究

发布时间：2019-01-16 00:49

【摘要】：随着现代化生产规模的不断扩大和深化,停车难问题日益严重,现代自动化立体车库,是在生产力和科学技术不断提高的情况下出现的一种崭新的技术,也是一种处于发展中的技术。为了能在提高空间利用率的同时又保证较高的存取效率,实现自动化立体车库车辆存取路径上的高效、高速、准确的控制要求,立体车库优化管理、调度和作业优化受到人们极大关注,其存取路径优化控制问题成为人们急需解决的研究热点问题之一。本文针对自动化立体车库车辆存取路径优化问题进行研究,利用遗传算法,车辆存取的路径优化问题。课题研究具有重要的实用价值和广泛的应用前景。本论文主要工作如下：(1)查阅了国内外相关资料,结合自动化立体车库的发展趋势和存在问题,进行了课题方案论证,确定了应用遗传算法优化自动化立体车库传动机存取路径的课题研究方法。(2)结合具体工程实际,分析了自动化立体车库的构成和作业流程,利用PLC与上位机通讯实现对自动化立体车库控制;确定了车辆存取流程,并对车辆出入库任务制定了其存取的流程方案,采用在上位机管理系统中应用任务队列分配传送机构传送路径；设计了下位机执行系统和上位机监控系统。(3)优化控制算法研究,应用单纯遗传算法对车辆出入库任务进行路径优化。设计了遗传算法中的编码方式、初始种群、个体适应度函数、选择算子、交叉算子、变异算子。针对工程实际要求,对于在任务队列中等待时间过长的个别任务提出了一种加入等待时间的任务队列个体适应度函数。(4)算法仿真研究,利用遗传算法优化车辆出入库路径,并通过交通规划软件TransCAD分别求解仿真出入库路径,避免因为计算量大,编程繁琐,调试复杂而造成对优化算法得到最优解的影响,可求得实际的最短车辆存取路径,并对其进行试验仿真。(5)对本文研究工作进行了总结,并对下一步工作进行了展望。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion and deepening of the scale of modern production, the problem of parking is becoming more and more serious. The modern automated three-dimensional garage is a brand new technology under the condition of increasing productivity and science and technology. It is also a developing technology. In order to improve the utilization ratio of space and ensure the higher access efficiency, realize the efficient, high-speed and accurate control requirements of the access path of the automated stereoscopic garage, the optimization management of the stereoscopic garage can be achieved. People pay much attention to scheduling and job optimization, and the problem of access path optimization has become one of the hot issues that need to be solved. In this paper, the problem of vehicle access path optimization for automated stereoscopic garage is studied, and the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the vehicle access path. Subject research has important practical value and wide application prospect. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) referring to domestic and foreign related data, combining with the development trend and existing problems of automated three-dimensional garage, the thesis has carried out the project demonstration. The research method of optimizing the access path of automatic stereo garage transmission machine using genetic algorithm is determined. (2) combining with the actual project, the structure and operation flow of automatic three-dimensional garage are analyzed. The communication between PLC and host computer is used to realize the control of automatic stereoscopic garage. The vehicle access flow is determined, and the flow scheme of vehicle access is established. The task queue is used to distribute the transfer path in the upper computer management system. The implementation system of the lower computer and the monitoring system of the upper computer are designed. (3) the optimal control algorithm is studied, and the path optimization of the vehicle incoming and outgoing task is carried out by using the simple genetic algorithm. The coding method, initial population, individual fitness function, selection operator, crossover operator and mutation operator in genetic algorithm are designed. In order to meet the practical requirements of engineering, an individual fitness function of task queue with long waiting time is proposed. (4) algorithm simulation. The genetic algorithm is used to optimize the vehicle access path, and the simulation access path is solved by the traffic planning software TransCAD, which avoids the influence on the optimal solution of the optimization algorithm because of the complexity of the calculation, the complicated programming and the complexity of debugging. The shortest vehicle access path can be obtained and simulated. (5) the research work of this paper is summarized and the future work is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.71;TP18

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