公路混凝土桥梁中美欧设计规范主要条文分析比较

发布时间：2019-02-24 14:43

【摘要】：自改革开放以来，中国的经济取得了突飞猛进的发展。海外的土木工程项目逐年增加，中国工程设计人员在国际合作项目中扮演着越来越重要的角色。在这些海外项目中，好多的地方历史上都是欧美的殖民地，在这些国家和地区采用的往往是欧美的桥梁设计规范。因此，作为参与设计的工程人员，有必要对欧美桥梁设计规范有所了解。为了了解国际上混凝土桥梁设计规范的发展现状，找出和我国桥梁设计规范的异同点，本文基于中国桥梁设计规范（JTG D62-2004和JTG D60-2004）、美国桥梁设计规范（AASHTOLRFD Bridge Design Specification2012）和欧洲桥梁设计规范（EN1991Part2—桥梁交通荷载，，EN1992Part2—混凝土桥梁）开展了部分条款的比较研究工作，主要内容如下： 1.简要介绍了中国、美国、欧洲桥梁设计规范的发展历程和现状。 2.在桥梁设计基本要求方面，主要对比分析了中美欧桥梁设计规范中的结构材料（包括混凝土、钢筋）、极限状态设计的分类和计算方法、荷载及荷载组合（包括车辆荷载、温度荷载）的相关规定。研究表明，对于混凝土强度等级的划分标准，中美欧规范存在较大的差异性；中欧规范规定材料强度的设计值都是标准值与混凝土材料分项系数之商，而中国规范规定的混凝土的抗压强度设计值要略高于欧洲规范。中国规范将承载能力极限状态分为两类，欧洲规范与中国规范类似，但美国规范却分为了四类；中、美两国规范都采用了车辆荷载及车道荷载模式，而欧洲规范中车辆荷载分为了四种模式；对于荷载分项系数的取值，中国规范处于较低的水平。 3.对中美欧桥梁设计规范中在钢筋混凝土和预应力混凝土构件正截面的受弯构件、轴心受压构件、偏心受压构件，斜截面的无腹筋构件抗剪承载力、斜截面的有腹筋构件抗剪承载力的规定进行了比较分析。同时，针对中美欧桥梁设计规范中对先张法预应力混凝土受弯构件的计算方法利用一个实例进行了对比分析。 4.从中美欧规范对比中，中美欧汽车荷载效应值有很大的不同，最大值有的达到了中国规范的1.5倍。对于中美欧规范，随着跨径的增大，荷载组合效应值的变化趋势是相同的，并且大多数都是趋于稳定。中国规范规定的汽车荷载与桥梁恒载产生的组合效应比欧美桥梁规范整体偏低。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has made rapid progress. Overseas civil engineering projects are increasing year by year, and Chinese designers are playing an increasingly important role in international cooperation projects. In these overseas projects, many places in history are European and American colonies, in these countries and regions are often adopted in Europe and the United States bridge design code. Therefore, as engineers involved in the design, it is necessary to understand the European and American bridge design code. In order to understand the development status of the international concrete bridge design code and find out the similarities and differences between the code and the Chinese bridge design code, this paper bases on the Chinese bridge design code (JTG D62-2004 and JTG D60-2004). The American Bridge Design Code (AASHTOLRFD Bridge Design Specification2012) and the European Bridge Design Code (EN1991Part2- Bridge Traffic load, EN1992Part2- concrete Bridge) have carried out some articles of comparative research, the main contents are as follows: 1. This paper briefly introduces the development course and present situation of bridge design code in China, America and Europe. 2. In the basic requirements of bridge design, the structural materials (including concrete, steel bar), the classification and calculation methods of limit state design, the load and load combination (including vehicle load) in the design code of bridges in China, America and Europe are compared and analyzed. Temperature load). The results show that there is a great difference between China and Europe in the classification of concrete strength grade. The design value of material strength stipulated in China-EU code is the quotient of standard value and concrete material component coefficient, while the design value of concrete compressive strength stipulated in Chinese code is slightly higher than that in European code. Chinese codes divide the ultimate state of carrying capacity into two categories. European norms are similar to Chinese norms, but American norms are divided into four categories. In China and the United States, vehicle loads and lane loads are adopted in both codes, while in European codes, vehicle loads are divided into four modes, and the Chinese code is at a lower level for the value of load sub-coefficients. 3. The shear capacity of reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete members with normal section, axial compression member, eccentric compression member and oblique section without web reinforcement in the Central American and European Design Code for Bridges are studied. The shear capacity of inclined section with web reinforcement is compared and analyzed. At the same time, the calculation method of pre-Zhang Fa prestressed concrete flexural members in the design code of bridges in China, America and Europe is compared and analyzed with an example. 4. From the comparison between China, America and Europe, there is a great difference in the value of vehicle load effect between China and Europe, and some of the maximum values are 1.5 times of that of China's code. For the code of Central America and Europe, with the increase of span, the variation trend of load combination effect value is the same, and most of them tend to be stable. The combined effect of automobile load and bridge dead load in China is lower than that in Europe and America.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U442.51

【相似文献】