公路钢桥焊缝探伤技术应用研究
发布时间：2019-02-24 20:57
【摘要】：随着城市建设的发展以及钢结构桥梁设计、施工等技术的日益进步，钢结构桥梁应用越来越广泛。让我们不得不注意桥梁的安全问题和质量检测工作，焊缝质量检验是焊接质量控制的必要内容，焊缝缺陷检测又是焊接检验的必要内容。目前国内外钢结构连接主要采用焊接形式，焊接质量的优劣直接关系到结构的安全性与使用性。焊接质量的优劣很大程度上决定着钢结构建筑的施工及使用安全性，并可能危及人质量，对焊缝缺陷进行检测、评价是很重要的。除了目测焊缝表面缺陷和成形缺陷外，通常用无损检测查找焊缝的内部缺陷。正是顺应了这一发展趋势，本文进行了如下研究： 1、对我国钢结构建筑的发展及国内外公路钢桥无损检测技术的发展状况进行了全面、系统的评述，并进一步分析了无损检测技术在公路钢桥焊缝检测中的应用； 2、叙述了焊缝中常见的缺陷及其影响焊接质量的主要成因，从而能够对危害性裂缝进行有效地识别，分析总结了焊接缺陷对结构强度和承载力的影响，从而来保证结构的安全性； 3、概述了公路钢桥钢结构焊缝现场无损检测常用的方法的施工工艺和应用范围，着重详细介绍了超声探伤、磁粉探伤这两种最为常用的检测手段。更加详细的总结了各自的检测原理以及施工工艺的特点，对比分析了各种无损检测方法，总结了各种检测方法的优缺点； 4、概述了模糊综合评价的发展及其理论体系，探讨并论证了焊缝缺陷的模糊综合评判的可行性，并全面的总结了焊缝缺陷的模糊综合评判的方法及步骤。结合工程实例分析，运用模糊综合评判对焊缝缺陷等级进行全面评定，综合考虑多个因素的影响。更为合理的进行了等级的划分，得出运用模型算子及加权平均法进行指标处理的准确性与可行性。模糊综合评判运用于焊缝缺陷等级的评定具有很好的指导意义，能够更大限度的避免缺陷的漏检与错检，，对以后相关工程的检测提供更高的可行性与准确性。
[Abstract]:With the development of urban construction and the development of steel bridge design and construction technology, steel bridge is more and more widely used. So we have to pay attention to the safety problems and quality inspection of the bridge. Weld quality inspection is the necessary content of welding quality control and weld defect detection is the necessary content of welding inspection. At present, welding is mainly used in the connection of steel structures at home and abroad, and the quality of welding is directly related to the safety and use of the structure. The quality of welding determines the safety of construction and use of steel structure buildings to a great extent and may endanger the quality of human being. It is very important to evaluate the weld defects. In addition to visual inspection of weld surface defects and forming defects, nondestructive testing is usually used to find weld internal defects. In accordance with this development trend, this paper has carried out the following research: 1. The development of steel structure building in China and the development of non-destructive testing technology of highway steel bridges at home and abroad are comprehensively and systematically reviewed. Furthermore, the application of nondestructive testing technology in weld detection of highway steel bridge is analyzed. 2. The common defects in the weld seam and the main causes affecting the welding quality are described, so that the harmful cracks can be effectively identified, and the influence of the welding defects on the strength and bearing capacity of the structure is analyzed and summarized. To ensure the security of the structure; 3. This paper summarizes the construction technology and application scope of the commonly used methods for spot nondestructive testing of steel structure welds of highway steel bridges, and emphatically introduces the ultrasonic flaw detection and magnetic particle inspection, which are the two most commonly used inspection methods. More detailed summary of their testing principles and construction technology characteristics, comparative analysis of various non-destructive testing methods, summed up the advantages and disadvantages of various testing methods; 4. The development of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and its theoretical system are summarized, the feasibility of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of weld defects is discussed and proved, and the methods and steps of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of weld defects are summarized. Combined with the analysis of engineering examples, the comprehensive evaluation of weld defect grade is carried out by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and the influence of many factors is considered comprehensively. The classification of grade is more reasonable, and the accuracy and feasibility of using model operator and weighted average method to deal with indexes are obtained. The application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to the evaluation of weld defect grade has a good guiding significance, and it can avoid the missing and wrong detection of defects to a greater extent, and provide a higher feasibility and accuracy for the detection of related projects in the future.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U445.583
本文编号：2429925
[Abstract]:With the development of urban construction and the development of steel bridge design and construction technology, steel bridge is more and more widely used. So we have to pay attention to the safety problems and quality inspection of the bridge. Weld quality inspection is the necessary content of welding quality control and weld defect detection is the necessary content of welding inspection. At present, welding is mainly used in the connection of steel structures at home and abroad, and the quality of welding is directly related to the safety and use of the structure. The quality of welding determines the safety of construction and use of steel structure buildings to a great extent and may endanger the quality of human being. It is very important to evaluate the weld defects. In addition to visual inspection of weld surface defects and forming defects, nondestructive testing is usually used to find weld internal defects. In accordance with this development trend, this paper has carried out the following research: 1. The development of steel structure building in China and the development of non-destructive testing technology of highway steel bridges at home and abroad are comprehensively and systematically reviewed. Furthermore, the application of nondestructive testing technology in weld detection of highway steel bridge is analyzed. 2. The common defects in the weld seam and the main causes affecting the welding quality are described, so that the harmful cracks can be effectively identified, and the influence of the welding defects on the strength and bearing capacity of the structure is analyzed and summarized. To ensure the security of the structure; 3. This paper summarizes the construction technology and application scope of the commonly used methods for spot nondestructive testing of steel structure welds of highway steel bridges, and emphatically introduces the ultrasonic flaw detection and magnetic particle inspection, which are the two most commonly used inspection methods. More detailed summary of their testing principles and construction technology characteristics, comparative analysis of various non-destructive testing methods, summed up the advantages and disadvantages of various testing methods; 4. The development of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and its theoretical system are summarized, the feasibility of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of weld defects is discussed and proved, and the methods and steps of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of weld defects are summarized. Combined with the analysis of engineering examples, the comprehensive evaluation of weld defect grade is carried out by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and the influence of many factors is considered comprehensively. The classification of grade is more reasonable, and the accuracy and feasibility of using model operator and weighted average method to deal with indexes are obtained. The application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to the evaluation of weld defect grade has a good guiding significance, and it can avoid the missing and wrong detection of defects to a greater extent, and provide a higher feasibility and accuracy for the detection of related projects in the future.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U445.583
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