基于多因素模糊综合评价的隧道围岩稳定性研究

发布时间：2019-03-01 19:34

【摘要】：随着我国经济的快速发展,铁路、公路等其他交通建设工程正如雨后春笋一样涌现。我国是一个多丘陵和山地的国家,在山区或半山区修建公路、铁路,为了缩短里程和降低对生态环境的破坏,隧道就被广泛应用到公路和铁路的建设中来,在隧道设计、施工的各个阶段,准确迅速地对其围岩稳定性作出评价,对隧道围岩支护设计、安全施工以及后期的安全运营极为重要。因此对隧道的围岩稳定性进行研究具有非常重要的实践价值和理论意义。本文以实际隧道工程为背景,根据层次分析法、模糊综合评价等理论,研究并应用了一种基于多因素模糊综合评价的隧道围岩稳定性分析方法,该方法能够准确地对围岩的稳定性情况作出评价,可以为隧道的设计和建设提供理论和技术的支持。主要开展的工作和获得的创新性成果如下：(1)通过对隧道围岩的稳定性影响因素进行分析和总结,获得了九个影响围岩稳定性的关键因素,如岩体弹性模量、凝聚力、隧道埋深等等,并运用FLAC3D软件进行了各因素在不同工况下的数值模拟研究,获得了各影响因素对围岩稳定性的敏感性程度,其中岩体的弹模、凝聚力、隧道埋深、开挖方法、锚杆间距这五个因素对围岩的稳定性影响非常明显。(2)结合目前隧道围岩稳定性评价的方法,研究了多因素模糊综合评价法理论,它包括层次分析法理论、模糊综合评价理论、隶属度函数以及因素权重值的确定等理论,并对多因素模糊综合评价法在隧道围岩稳定性评价中的具体使用方法,进行了详细的研究。(3)选取了七个典型的隧道工程实例,考虑了九个隧道围岩稳定性的影响因素,对各影响因素的取值进行划分,从一般地质条件和特殊地质条件(断层)两大方面出发,通过数值模拟,获得了各影响因素在不同工况下的围岩稳定性指标BI的汇总图,建立了各影响因素的模糊隶属数据,在对围岩的稳定性等级进行判定时,主要是运用了围岩强度应力比指标BI和隧道拱顶的相对下沉值。(4)运用各影响因素的模糊隶属数据,使用多因素模糊综合评价法对实际隧道工程进行围岩稳定性评价,得到了其围岩稳定性等级,并与实际隧道工程施工、运营进行了对比,研究表明,多因素模糊综合评价法能够很准确地对隧道的围岩稳定性作出评价。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, other traffic construction projects, such as railways, highways and so on, have sprung up like bamboo shoots. China is a hilly and mountainous country. In order to shorten the mileage and reduce the damage to the ecological environment, in order to shorten the mileage and reduce the damage to the ecological environment, in order to shorten the mileage and reduce the damage to the ecological environment, tunnels have been widely used in the construction of roads and railways, and in tunnel design. It is very important to evaluate the stability of surrounding rock accurately and quickly in every stage of construction, which is very important to the design of surrounding rock support, safe construction and safe operation in later period of tunnel. Therefore, it is of great practical value and theoretical significance to study the stability of surrounding rock of tunnel. In this paper, based on the theory of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and so on, a method of stability analysis of tunnel surrounding rock based on multi-factor fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is studied and applied in the background of actual tunnel engineering. This method can accurately evaluate the stability of surrounding rock and can provide theoretical and technical support for tunnel design and construction. The main work and innovative results are as follows: (1) through analyzing and summarizing the factors affecting the stability of surrounding rock of tunnel, nine key factors affecting the stability of surrounding rock, such as elastic modulus of rock mass and cohesion, are obtained. With the help of FLAC3D software, the sensitivity of each factor to the stability of surrounding rock is obtained, including elastic modulus of rock mass, cohesion of rock mass, depth of tunnel burial, and excavation method, and the sensitivity of each factor to the stability of surrounding rock is obtained by means of numerical simulation of each factor under different working conditions. The influence of anchor bolt spacing on the stability of surrounding rock is very obvious. (2) combined with the current evaluation method of surrounding rock stability of tunnel, the theory of multi-factor fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is studied, which includes the theory of analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The theory of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, membership function and the determination of factor weight value, and the concrete application of multi-factor fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method in the stability evaluation of surrounding rock of tunnel. A detailed study has been carried out. (3) Seven typical tunnel engineering examples have been selected and the factors affecting the stability of the surrounding rock of nine tunnels have been taken into account, and the values of each influence factor have been classified. From the two aspects of general geological condition and special geological condition (fault), through numerical simulation, the summary diagram of the stability index BI of the surrounding rock under different working conditions is obtained, and the fuzzy membership data of each influencing factor is established. When judging the stability grade of surrounding rock, the index of strength-stress ratio (BI) of surrounding rock and the relative subsidence value of tunnel arch are mainly used. (4) the fuzzy membership data of each influencing factor are used. The multi-factor fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the stability of surrounding rock in actual tunnel engineering. The stability grade of surrounding rock is obtained and compared with the construction and operation of actual tunnel engineering. The multi-factor fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method can accurately evaluate the surrounding rock stability of the tunnel.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U451.2

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