公路隧道声场数值分析与试验研究
发布时间：2019-04-08 12:41
【摘要】：近年来在公路和市政建设过程中，出现了大量的隧道，隧道能够大大缩短路线总长度和大大提升道路线形指标，降低工程总体造价，减少对自然环境的破坏。同时公路隧道在运营过程中又不可避免地会出现诸如噪音超标、洞内空气浑浊、照明黑洞、黑框效应、粉尘污染、应急救援困难等一系列复杂的环境问题。对于噪音污染问题，一方面是在隧道内高分贝的噪音环境中行驶，驾乘人员会产生烦躁、恐惧的心理，导致注意力不集中，严重影响行车的安全性和舒适性。另一方面，隧道内在发生火灾、爆炸、拥堵等应急事件时，此时的隧道声环境变得比较恶劣，公共广播系统或者现场指挥信息难以准确地传达给被困人员，易使场面失控，造成严重的人身和财产损失。本文采用理论分析、现场试验和数值模拟等方法针对公路隧道的声场特性进行了较为深入的研究，论文的主要研究工作包括： （1）详细介绍了我国公路隧道的发展趋势及运营状况，回顾了公路隧道声环境的研究现状，应用基础声学理论对公路隧道声场进行了初步分析。 （2）基于有限单元法对隧道内声场特性进行了数值分析，得出了不同断面隧道的模态特征及相应频率，声场的纵向、横向声压级分布及吸声系数对声场的影响。 （3）分析了公路隧道内单声源声场的衰变特性，混响时间在横向和纵向的空间分布特征。 （4）设计了在线式隧道声场测量系统，以运营中的隧道和足尺模型隧道为研究对象，对声压级沿隧道纵向的衰减、频谱特性、衰变特性等进行了系统测试和分析，并将试验结果与数值分析结果进行比较分析。 （5）基于（1）、（2）、（3）、（4）的研究成果，对隧道内的声场成分（D/R)以及语音传输指数（STI)进行了分析，研究了隧道内上述两个参数的空间分布特征及内在关系。以提升隧道的听觉环境为目标，，对隧道内有线广播系统的布置方案进行了研究，通过分析不同布置方案，给出了有线广播系统的最佳布置方案。
[Abstract]:In recent years, a large number of tunnels have appeared in the process of highway and municipal construction. The tunnels can greatly shorten the total length of the route, greatly enhance the road alignment index, reduce the overall cost of the project, and reduce the damage to the natural environment. At the same time, a series of complicated environmental problems such as noise exceeding the standard, air turbidity inside the tunnel, illumination black hole, black frame effect, dust pollution, emergency rescue difficulty and so on will inevitably appear in the operation of highway tunnel. To the noise pollution problem, on the one hand, driving in the high decibels noise environment in the tunnel, the driver will produce irritability and fear, which will lead to the lack of attention and seriously affect the safety and comfort of the driving. On the other hand, when fire, explosion, congestion and other emergency events occur inside the tunnel, the sound environment of the tunnel becomes worse at this time, and it is difficult for the public broadcasting system or on-the-spot command information to convey accurately to the trapped personnel, so it is easy to cause the scene to get out of control. Cause serious personal and property damage. In this paper, theoretical analysis, field test and numerical simulation are used to study the acoustic field characteristics of highway tunnels. The main research work of this paper includes: (1) the development trend and operation status of highway tunnel in China are introduced in detail, and the research status of acoustic environment of highway tunnel is reviewed. The basic acoustic theory is used to analyze the sound field of highway tunnel. (2) based on the finite element method, the characteristics of the sound field in the tunnel are analyzed numerically, and the modal characteristics and the corresponding frequencies, the longitudinal and transverse sound pressure distribution of the sound field and the influence of the sound absorption coefficient on the sound field are obtained. (3) the decay characteristics of single sound source sound field in highway tunnel and the spatial distribution of reverberation time in transverse and longitudinal directions are analyzed. (4) the sound field measurement system of on-line tunnel is designed. Taking the tunnel in operation and the full-scale model tunnel as the research object, the attenuation of sound pressure level along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the spectrum characteristics and the decay characteristics of the sound pressure level are systematically tested and analyzed. The experimental results are compared with the numerical results. (5) based on the research results of (1), (2), (3), (4), the sound field components (DR) and the speech transmission index (STI) in the tunnel are analyzed. The spatial distribution characteristics and internal relations of the above two parameters in the tunnel are studied. In order to improve the hearing environment of the tunnel, the layout scheme of the wired broadcasting system in the tunnel is studied. By analyzing the different layout schemes, the optimal layout scheme of the wired broadcasting system is given.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U453.82
[Abstract]:In recent years, a large number of tunnels have appeared in the process of highway and municipal construction. The tunnels can greatly shorten the total length of the route, greatly enhance the road alignment index, reduce the overall cost of the project, and reduce the damage to the natural environment. At the same time, a series of complicated environmental problems such as noise exceeding the standard, air turbidity inside the tunnel, illumination black hole, black frame effect, dust pollution, emergency rescue difficulty and so on will inevitably appear in the operation of highway tunnel. To the noise pollution problem, on the one hand, driving in the high decibels noise environment in the tunnel, the driver will produce irritability and fear, which will lead to the lack of attention and seriously affect the safety and comfort of the driving. On the other hand, when fire, explosion, congestion and other emergency events occur inside the tunnel, the sound environment of the tunnel becomes worse at this time, and it is difficult for the public broadcasting system or on-the-spot command information to convey accurately to the trapped personnel, so it is easy to cause the scene to get out of control. Cause serious personal and property damage. In this paper, theoretical analysis, field test and numerical simulation are used to study the acoustic field characteristics of highway tunnels. The main research work of this paper includes: (1) the development trend and operation status of highway tunnel in China are introduced in detail, and the research status of acoustic environment of highway tunnel is reviewed. The basic acoustic theory is used to analyze the sound field of highway tunnel. (2) based on the finite element method, the characteristics of the sound field in the tunnel are analyzed numerically, and the modal characteristics and the corresponding frequencies, the longitudinal and transverse sound pressure distribution of the sound field and the influence of the sound absorption coefficient on the sound field are obtained. (3) the decay characteristics of single sound source sound field in highway tunnel and the spatial distribution of reverberation time in transverse and longitudinal directions are analyzed. (4) the sound field measurement system of on-line tunnel is designed. Taking the tunnel in operation and the full-scale model tunnel as the research object, the attenuation of sound pressure level along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the spectrum characteristics and the decay characteristics of the sound pressure level are systematically tested and analyzed. The experimental results are compared with the numerical results. (5) based on the research results of (1), (2), (3), (4), the sound field components (DR) and the speech transmission index (STI) in the tunnel are analyzed. The spatial distribution characteristics and internal relations of the above two parameters in the tunnel are studied. In order to improve the hearing environment of the tunnel, the layout scheme of the wired broadcasting system in the tunnel is studied. By analyzing the different layout schemes, the optimal layout scheme of the wired broadcasting system is given.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U453.82
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