基于行程时间估计的城市交通事故应急车辆路径优化
发布时间：2019-04-26 11:48
【摘要】：随着经济的快速发展,城市规模的不断扩大,交通车辆的不断增加,产生了许多问题,诸如交通堵塞、交通事故频发、尾气排放、环境恶化等。尤其是当交通事故发生之后,会加剧交通拥挤与堵塞。此时,应急救援的效率显得十分重要,若救援不及时,会导致交通大拥堵甚至交通瘫痪,也会导致二次交通事故发生率,造成更大的人员伤害与经济损失。影响救援效率的最直接因素就是救援时间,应急车辆行程时间直接决定了救援时间的快慢,而在多起交通事故同时发生时,交通资源的调配往往对交通救援的效率起着直接决定的作用。本文的主要研究工作如下： 1)首先介绍了国内外应急体系,应急救援路径规划研究现状,应急救援的相关流程以及广州市道路交通车辆应急救援流程,城市交通事故分类及应急资源调度等基本理论。 2)针对应急救援车辆行驶特点,根据车流量、道路等级、中间隔离带、交叉路口红绿灯时间等因素,将应急车辆行程时间划分为路段行程时间和交叉路口通行时间两部分进行考虑,以此建立应急车辆行程时间模型。 3)对于同时发生多起交通事故情形下,从多个应急点分别调派应急车辆到达交通事故点的问题,建立应急救援车辆的多目标调度模型。应急车辆调度考虑整体救援时间最短,故建立行程时间最小的多目标调度模型,确定最优救援方案以满足救援实际需求。 本文以广州市天河区实际路网为例,选用天河区49个节点的路网,8个医疗急救点为应急资源储备点,模拟同时发生3起重大交通事故。调研事故发生时路网中影响行程时间的关键因素,如交通流量,道路等级,道路长度,各交叉路口红绿灯控制时间,道路中间有无隔离带等,通过应急车辆行程时间优化模型计算出各应急点到各事故点的最优路径,再根据基于行程时间估计的多目标调度模型,确定出各应急点派出应急车辆到各交通事故点具体资源量,验证了基于时间最小的应急资源调度救援方案的有效性,可以为相关应急部门处置人员合理地制定应急车辆调度方案提供重要参考依据。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the expansion of city scale and the increasing of traffic vehicles, there are many problems, such as traffic jams, frequent traffic accidents, exhaust emissions, environmental deterioration and so on. Especially after the traffic accident, it will aggravate the traffic congestion and congestion. At this time, the efficiency of emergency rescue appears to be very important. If the rescue is not timely, it will lead to traffic congestion and even traffic paralysis, also will lead to the incidence of secondary traffic accidents, resulting in greater injury to personnel and economic losses. The most direct factor affecting rescue efficiency is rescue time, the travel time of emergency vehicles directly determines the speed of rescue time, and when many traffic accidents occur at the same time, The allocation of traffic resources often plays a direct role in the efficiency of traffic rescue. The main research work of this paper is as follows: 1) the domestic and foreign emergency system, the present situation of emergency rescue path planning, the related process of emergency rescue and the emergency rescue process of road traffic vehicles in Guangzhou are introduced. Urban traffic accident classification and emergency resource scheduling and other basic theories. 2) according to the driving characteristics of emergency rescue vehicles, according to the traffic flow, the road grade, the intermediate isolation zone, the traffic light time at the intersection, and so on, The travel time of emergency vehicle is divided into two parts: road travel time and intersection travel time, and then the travel time model of emergency vehicle is established. 3) in the case of multiple traffic accidents at the same time, the multi-objective scheduling model of emergency rescue vehicles is established for the problem of dispatching emergency vehicles to traffic accident points from several emergency points separately. Emergency vehicle scheduling takes into account the shortest overall rescue time, so a multi-objective scheduling model with minimum travel time is established to determine the optimal rescue scheme to meet the actual rescue needs. This paper takes the actual road network of Tianhe district in Guangzhou as an example, selects 49 nodes of road network in Tianhe district and 8 medical first aid points as emergency resource reserve points, simulates the occurrence of 3 major traffic accidents at the same time. To investigate the key factors that affect the travel time in the road network at the time of the accident, such as traffic flow, road grade, road length, traffic light control time at each intersection, isolation zone in the middle of the road, and so on. The optimal path from each emergency point to each accident point is calculated through the travel time optimization model of emergency vehicles, and then according to the multi-objective scheduling model based on travel time estimation, a multi-objective scheduling model based on travel time estimation is proposed. The specific resources of sending emergency vehicles to each traffic accident point are determined, and the effectiveness of the emergency resource scheduling and rescue scheme based on the minimum time is verified. It can provide important reference for the disposal personnel of the emergency department to make the emergency vehicle dispatching plan reasonably.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U492.22;U491.3
本文编号：2466040
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the expansion of city scale and the increasing of traffic vehicles, there are many problems, such as traffic jams, frequent traffic accidents, exhaust emissions, environmental deterioration and so on. Especially after the traffic accident, it will aggravate the traffic congestion and congestion. At this time, the efficiency of emergency rescue appears to be very important. If the rescue is not timely, it will lead to traffic congestion and even traffic paralysis, also will lead to the incidence of secondary traffic accidents, resulting in greater injury to personnel and economic losses. The most direct factor affecting rescue efficiency is rescue time, the travel time of emergency vehicles directly determines the speed of rescue time, and when many traffic accidents occur at the same time, The allocation of traffic resources often plays a direct role in the efficiency of traffic rescue. The main research work of this paper is as follows: 1) the domestic and foreign emergency system, the present situation of emergency rescue path planning, the related process of emergency rescue and the emergency rescue process of road traffic vehicles in Guangzhou are introduced. Urban traffic accident classification and emergency resource scheduling and other basic theories. 2) according to the driving characteristics of emergency rescue vehicles, according to the traffic flow, the road grade, the intermediate isolation zone, the traffic light time at the intersection, and so on, The travel time of emergency vehicle is divided into two parts: road travel time and intersection travel time, and then the travel time model of emergency vehicle is established. 3) in the case of multiple traffic accidents at the same time, the multi-objective scheduling model of emergency rescue vehicles is established for the problem of dispatching emergency vehicles to traffic accident points from several emergency points separately. Emergency vehicle scheduling takes into account the shortest overall rescue time, so a multi-objective scheduling model with minimum travel time is established to determine the optimal rescue scheme to meet the actual rescue needs. This paper takes the actual road network of Tianhe district in Guangzhou as an example, selects 49 nodes of road network in Tianhe district and 8 medical first aid points as emergency resource reserve points, simulates the occurrence of 3 major traffic accidents at the same time. To investigate the key factors that affect the travel time in the road network at the time of the accident, such as traffic flow, road grade, road length, traffic light control time at each intersection, isolation zone in the middle of the road, and so on. The optimal path from each emergency point to each accident point is calculated through the travel time optimization model of emergency vehicles, and then according to the multi-objective scheduling model based on travel time estimation, a multi-objective scheduling model based on travel time estimation is proposed. The specific resources of sending emergency vehicles to each traffic accident point are determined, and the effectiveness of the emergency resource scheduling and rescue scheme based on the minimum time is verified. It can provide important reference for the disposal personnel of the emergency department to make the emergency vehicle dispatching plan reasonably.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U492.22;U491.3
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 袁飞;基于工作流网的交通应急资源配置和路径规划集成问题[D];广东工业大学;2015年
，本文编号：2466040
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