housing distance carbon emissions from transport commuting a

  本文关键词：居住-就业距离对交通碳排放的影响，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

居住-就业距离对交通碳排放的影响

Significant impact of job-housing distance on carbon emissions from transport： a scenario analysis

[1] [2]

TONG Kangkang, MA Keming 1 State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eeo-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, Ch

[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085; [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

文章摘要：城市扩张过程使交通需求量增加,导致来自交通部门的碳排放量增加。紧凑型城市发展有助于减少交通需求从而降低交通部门的碳排放量。基于一个问卷调查利用情景分析的方法定量探讨居住-就业距离变化对通勤碳排放量的影响,为科学规划城市格局提供理论依据。研究结果表明在居住-就业距离不超过15 km（适宜公共交通出行距离）的情景中居住-就业距离缩短21.3%,交通碳排放量减小28.2%,费用节省21.2%;在居住-就业距离不超过5 km（适宜非机动车出行距离）的情景中居住-就业距离缩短56.3%,碳排放量减小53.1%,费用节省34.6%。两种情景下不同出行方式中,公交系统对行驶里程缩短的影响最大,私家车对碳排放量减小和花费降低的影响最大。在城市扩张过程中应该力求实现功能多元化的扩张格局,城市交通体系建设应为低碳出行提供最大便利。

Abstr：Transport demand is increasing with the process of urban sprawling, which leads to the rise of carbon emissions from the transportation sector. Compact urban development helps to reduce transport demand, which is critical to reduce carbon emissions from transport. However, urban sprawling in Beijing leads to increased job-housing distance, and correspondingly, to the increase of transport demand. This study quantified the influence of job-housing distance on carbon emissions based on a survey and tried to explore the impact of compact urban development on emission mitigation scenario analysis. through Two adjusted scenarios were considered in this study. In scenario-i, the job-housing distance remained within 15 km, which was suitable for the use of a public transport system ; in scenario-2, the job-housing distance was within 5 km, which was suitable for active traveling modes. Results showed that in scenario-l, job-housing distance decreased by 21.3%, while the vehicle-kilometers traveled （ VKT）, the amount of carbon emissions and the cost of commuting declined by 12. 4%, 28.2% and 21.2% respectively; in scenario-2, job-housing distance decreased by 56.3%, and these indices dropped 48.9% , 56.3% and 34.6% separately. Different traveling modes had different characteristics. Public transport system took up over 65% of the total VKTunder present conditions ; it contributed 67.2% of the reduced VKT value in scenario-1 compared with present conditions, and 70.5% in scenario-2. In comparison, VKT by private ear account for 28.7% of total VKT, and had few impacts on the VKT variations in the two scenarios. The public transport system had little influence on reducing carbon emissions and commuting expenses, while

文章关键词：

Keyword：:job-housing distance carbon emissions from transport commuting activities urban sprawl

课题项目：国家科技支撑计划重大项目（2007BAC28801）;国家重点基础研究发展规划（973）项目（2007CB407307）;城市与区域生态国家重点实验室自主项目（SKLURE2008-1-01）

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  本文关键词：居住-就业距离对交通碳排放的影响，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。