300kN曲轴式高精度高速冲床研究与设计

发布时间：2017-12-26 19:25

本文关键词：300kN曲轴式高精度高速冲床研究与设计　出处：《东华大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高速冲床是一种重要的冲压设备,随着工业的进一步发展,高速冲床的应用范围在不断扩大,在国民经济中发挥着重要的作用。而目前国产高速冲床普遍存在着可靠性比较差的问题,可靠性问题成为影响国产高速冲床性能发挥和市场竞争力的主要因素。因此,提高国产高速冲床的可靠性成为目前亟待解决的问题。现代加工业要求冲压技术与加工设备向柔性化发展,但传统的冲压装备缺乏灵活性,无法很好的适应各种加工。而在伺服冲床控制系统中采用交流伺服控制这一技术,能更好地满足冲床加工的各种需求。通过传统方法开发伺服控制系统会使得系统的开发周期长、难度大、成本高,并且复杂的控制算法也无法方便、快速地实现。论文从以下七个方面来进行冲床设计:(1)传动方案的设计:传动方案设计要根据冲床最大负载以及各传动机构的传递效率,综合考虑来确定传动方案。而本题已经明确为曲轴式冲床,所以在动力传动机构中已经明确了曲轴这一传动机构。(2)压力机主体机构的尺寸参数确定:压力机的主体机构的尺寸参数确定要经过一系列的计算与分析,如进行静力学分析、模态分析、运动分析等,才能得到符合正常工作的机构尺寸参数。(3)压力机主体机构的运动分析:对高精密高速冲床的工作机构进行运动学分析和动力学理论计算,分析了动平衡结构,并计算对比了高速冲床在有无动平衡装置时的惯性力大小,从而分析冲床加工时的稳定性。(4)电机的选择:电机作为冲床工作的动力源,起着至关重要的作用。电机的选择要在传动方案设定后,通过最大负载以及各传动机构之间的传动效率计算出所需电机的功率,从而选定电机。(5)压力机传动系统主要零部件的确定:压力机传动系统的主要零部件的确定要在传动方案确定后,首选符合国家标准的零件,如需要自行设计的话,要设计加工出轻便、刚度高的零部件。(6)润滑方式的研究:高速冲床在工作时由于高速运动,相互接触的相对运动的机构之间必然产生大量的热量。如果这些热量无法散发出去,则会对冲床的可靠性以及加工精度必然带来极大的影响,尤其是曲轴的主轴颈处。所以选择可靠有效的润滑方式对于冲床的设计来讲非常重要。(7)冲床加工精度分析。影响冲床加工质量的因素主要有以下几个:冲床工作台面和滑块底面的平面度、滑块行程对工作台面的平行度、滑块行程对工作台面的垂直度、冲床模柄孔中心线对滑块行程的平行度等。
[Abstract]:High speed press is an important stamping equipment. With the further development of industry, the application range of high-speed punch is expanding and playing an important role in the national economy. At present, the reliability of the domestic high-speed punch press is relatively poor. The reliability problem has become the main factor that affects the performance and market competitiveness of the domestic high-speed punch press. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to improve the reliability of the domestic high speed punch. The modern processing industry requires the flexible development of stamping technology and processing equipment, but the traditional stamping equipment is lack of flexibility and can not adapt well to all kinds of processing. The use of AC servo control technology in the servo press control system can better meet the needs of the punching machine. The development of servo control system by traditional methods will make the development cycle of the system long, difficult and costly, and the complex control algorithm can not be implemented conveniently and quickly. This paper carries out punch design from the following seven aspects: (1) design of transmission scheme: transmission plan design must be based on the maximum load of puncher and transmission efficiency of all transmission mechanisms. The problem has been clearly defined as a crankshaft punch, so the drive mechanism of the crankshaft has been clearly defined in the power transmission mechanism. (2) the size parameter of the main body of the press is determined: the size parameters of the main body of the press must be determined through a series of calculations and analysis, such as static analysis, modal analysis and motion analysis, so as to get the size parameters that meet the normal working mechanism. (3) analysis of press body mechanism movement: the operating mechanism of the high precision high speed punch to calculate kinematics analysis and dynamics analysis theory, the dynamic balance structure and calculation of high-speed punch in a dynamic balance device of the inertial force, so as to analyze the stability of the punch processing. (4) the choice of the motor: the motor, as the power source of the punching machine, plays a vital role. After selecting the transmission scheme, we can calculate the power of the required motor through the maximum load and transmission efficiency between each transmission mechanism, so as to select the motor. (5) the determination of the main parts of the transmission system of a press. The determination of the main parts of the transmission system of a press must first select the parts that conform to the national standard after the transmission plan is determined. If we need to design it, we must design and manufacture parts with high portability and rigidity. (6) research on the mode of lubrication: a large number of heat can be produced between the high speed press and the relative motion of each other because of the high speed movement. If these heat can not be sent out, it will have a great influence on the reliability and machining accuracy of the punch, especially the crankshaft of the crankshaft. So it is very important to choose a reliable and effective lubrication method for the design of the punch. (7) analysis of the machining precision of the punching machine. The main factors that affect the quality of punch press include the following aspects: the planeness of the punch table and the bottom of the slide block, the parallelism of the slider stroke to the worktable, the verticality of the slider stroke to the worktable, the parallelism of the center line of the punch die, the parallelism of the slider stroke and so on.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG385.1

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