淹没式自激振脉冲磨料水射流脉冲特性及切割试验研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 12:35

本文关键词：淹没式自激振脉冲磨料水射流脉冲特性及切割试验研究　出处：《大连海事大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文将自激振脉冲磨料水射流技术应用于深海环境下的沉船切割开孔,为提升我国海洋救助打捞装备水平具有重要意义。自激振脉冲磨料水射流技术是在自激振脉冲射流和磨料水射流的基础上发展而来的,它同时具有脉冲射流的脉冲特性和磨料水射流的破坏性。本文通过管系水锤现象分析了自激振脉冲射流产生脉动的根本原因是由于外界激励产生周期性的的压力扰动波；利用流体网络理论推导出赫姆霍兹式振荡腔腔体结构参数与自激振脉动频率之间的关系式；通过FLUENT软件仿真模拟了深海围压对自激振脉冲射流的流场的影响；搭建了自激振脉冲射流动压测量试验台,用于分析自激振脉冲喷嘴的结构参数和产生射流的水力参数对射流动压的影响；同时搭建了自激振脉冲磨料水射流切割试验系统,用于分析自激振脉冲磨料水射流的切割能力。通过理论研究、仿真分析和试验,本文得到以下结论：(1)赫姆霍兹振荡腔的固有频率与腔体结构参数有关。当射流在自激振腔体内产生的扰动波频率与腔体固有频率一致时,会产生大尺度的涡环结构,从而产生自激振脉冲射流。(2)通过仿真发现,自激振脉冲磨料水射流中各相的出口速度随深水围压的增大而减小,而且水相的速度比磨料相的速度要大。(3)通过试验发现,组合式自激振脉冲喷嘴产生的射流动压随时间呈周期性变化,组合式自激振脉冲喷嘴最佳的上下喷嘴直径比为1-1.33,自激振腔的长径比为0.66。(4)通过切割试验对比发现,磨料粒子对靶体的磨削作用占主要地位,同时磨料粒子对喷嘴的磨损十分严重,喷嘴材料有待提高。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the self-excited pulse abrasive water jet technique is applied to the cutting hole of sunken ship in deep-sea environment. In order to improve the level of marine salvage equipment in China, the self-excited pulsed abrasive jet technology is developed on the basis of self-excited pulse jet and abrasive water jet. It also has the pulse characteristic of pulse jet and the destructiveness of abrasive water jet. In this paper, through the water hammer phenomenon of pipe system, the fundamental reason of pulsation of self-excited pulse jet is that the periodic pressure is produced by external excitation. Disturbance wave; Based on the theory of fluid network, the relationship between the structural parameters of the Hem Holtz resonator and the frequency of the self-excited oscillation is derived. The effect of deep sea confining pressure on the flow field of self-excited pulsed jet is simulated by FLUENT software. The self-excited pulse jet pressure measurement test rig is built to analyze the influence of the structure parameters of the self-excited pulse nozzle and the hydraulic parameters of the jet on the jet flow pressure. At the same time, a self-excited pulse abrasive water jet cutting test system is built to analyze the cutting ability of self-excited pulse abrasive water jet. Through theoretical research, simulation analysis and test. In this paper, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) the natural frequency of the Hem resonator is related to the structure parameters of the cavity, when the frequency of the disturbance wave produced by the jet in the self-excited cavity is the same as the natural frequency of the cavity. Large scale vortex ring structure will produce self-excited pulse jet. Through simulation, it is found that the exit velocity of each phase in the self-excited pulse abrasive water jet decreases with the increase of confining pressure in deep water. And the velocity of water phase is larger than that of abrasive phase. The optimum ratio of upper and lower nozzle diameter is 1-1.33 and the ratio of length to diameter of self-excited cavity is 0.66.4. Abrasive particles play a major role in grinding targets, and abrasive particles wear nozzles seriously, and nozzle materials need to be improved.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG664

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