HT-3龙门立式加工中心底座和立柱的特性分析及优化设计

发布时间：2018-01-08 08:26

本文关键词：HT-3龙门立式加工中心底座和立柱的特性分析及优化设计　出处：《兰州理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：数控机床是现代制造业的关键设备,随着制造技术的进步,数控机床向高速、高精、高效方向不断发展。机床整机的刚度和加工性能在很大程度上取决于其部件的刚度和制造精度,为了使机床拥有较高的刚度和加工性能,保证其安全可靠地工作,要求机床结构必须具备良好的静动态特性。因此,基于有限元方法对机床关键件的静动态特性分析与优化的课题研究具有很大实际意义。本文以HT-3立式加工中心为研究对象,利用虚拟建模技术和仿真分析技术,对数控机床部分支撑件即底座和立柱进行静动态特性分析。通过分析,找到结构的薄弱环节,然后进行结构的改进和优化。主要内容和取得的成果如下:(1)建立底座的实体模型,对其进行静动态特性分析,为其结构优化提供理论依据。底座侧壁的静动刚度均有不足,有一定机率发生共振现象。针对分析结果中底座薄弱环节,运用传统的设计和现代设计协同进行模型试验地方法,增加薄弱环节相应位置的支撑,提高其静动刚度。再通过对底座的敏度分析和目标优化。使增加的支撑筋板的支撑作用达到最优。提高底座的固有频率至振动曲线的准静态区域,使底座的动态性能得到提高。(2)建立立柱的实体模型,对其进行静动态特性分析。以轻量化设计为目标,以连续体拓扑优化的变密度法为基础,对立柱进行拓扑优化设计。再通过对立柱灵敏度分析和目标优化,得到较优化的立柱结构。最终使得机床的底座模态一阶固有频率提高了24.27%而立柱质量减轻7.1%达到了优化设计的效果,机床立柱的静动态性能得到提高。
[Abstract]:NC machine tool is the key equipment of modern manufacturing industry, with the development of manufacturing technology, NC machine to high speed, high precision, efficient direction of development. The machine tool stiffness and machining performance depends largely on the components of the stiffness and precision manufacturing, in order to make the machine has higher stiffness and machining performance and ensure the safe and reliable work, machine structure have good static and dynamic characteristics. Therefore, based on the finite element method has great practical significance of the research on the static and dynamic characteristics analysis and optimization of the key parts of the machine. In this paper, HT-3 vertical machining center as the research object, using the virtual modeling technology and simulation technology, a the column base and the analysis of static and dynamic characteristics of NC machine tools support. Through the analysis, find the weak link of the structure, and to improve and optimize the structure. The main contents and take The results are as follows: (1) the establishment of a solid model, analysis of the static and dynamic characteristics, and provide a theoretical basis for structure optimization. The side wall of the base of the static and dynamic stiffness are inadequate, there is a chance the phenomenon of resonance. Based on the results of the analysis in the base of the weak link, using model test method of traditional collaborative the design and modern design, increase the corresponding position of the weak links of the support, to improve the static and dynamic stiffness. Then on the base of the sensitivity analysis and optimization. The supporting ribs increase the optimal. Improved quasi static regional natural frequency vibration curve to the base of the dynamic performance of the base improved. (2) models of the columns, analysis of the static and dynamic characteristics of the lightweight design. In order to target with variable density method of topology optimization based on topology optimization design for recanalization column. Through the sensitivity analysis and target optimization of the column, a more optimized column structure is obtained. Finally, the modal natural frequency of the base of the machine tool is increased by 24.27%, while the column weight is reduced by 7.1%, which achieves the effect of optimization design. The static and dynamic performance of the machine column is improved.

【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG659

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