添加固体润滑剂hBN的钛合金激光熔覆高温耐磨复合涂层研究
发布时间:2018-01-10 09:06
本文关键词:添加固体润滑剂hBN的钛合金激光熔覆高温耐磨复合涂层研究 出处:《苏州大学》2015年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
更多相关文章: 激光熔覆 Ti6Al4V 复合材料涂层 hBN 摩擦磨损
【摘要】:在钛合金表面激光熔覆复合涂层是改善钛合金摩擦学性能的一个有效途径。目前,大多数的相关研究是通过提高表面硬度和强度来改善钛合金基体摩擦学性能的,但仍呈现出较高的摩擦系数,尤其在高温、重载、不易润滑的特殊工作环境下。较高的摩擦系数对钛合金类零部件及其对磨件的耐用年限是有害的,克服这一问题的有效方法是设计一种具有高温自润滑性能的复合涂层。本文采用激光熔覆技术制备出了Ni60耐磨复合涂层、Ni60-5%h BN及Ni60-10%h BN高温自润滑耐磨复合涂层。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)分析了涂层的物相及显微组织。采用球-盘式高温摩擦磨损试验机系统地研究了干滑动摩擦磨损试验条件下激光熔覆涂层在不同温度(室温、300℃、600℃)、室温不同载荷、高温不同载荷下的摩擦磨损性能并详细地探讨了复合涂层的磨损机理。试验结果表明:Ti6Al4V合金基体上预涂Ni60、Ni60-h BN合金粉末制备的复合涂层饱满,无明显的裂纹、气孔等缺陷,涂层与基体形成了良好的冶金结合。激光熔覆层可以分为3个区域,由涂层表面到基体分别为熔覆区、结合区、热影响区。激光熔覆Ni60涂层主要由γ-Ni、Ti B2、Ti C等物相组成,Ni60-h BN自润滑耐磨复合涂层的主要物相除了γ-Ni、Ti B2、Ti C外,还出现了Cr B、Ni3B硬质相及h BN润滑相。随着h BN含量的增加,硼化物的体积分数有所增加,且在凝固过程中形成了外部为块状Ti B2,心部为Ti C树枝晶的特殊复杂的相结构。激光熔覆Ni60涂层平均显微硬度约为946HV0.2,是Ti6Al4V基体(约为350 HV0.2)的3倍左右。添加h BN的复合涂层显微硬度高于Ni60熔覆层的显微硬度,Ni60-5%h BN涂层平均硬度约为1052 HV0.2,Ni60-10%h BN涂层的平均显微硬度约为1109 HV0.2。Ni60涂层的磨损率与摩擦系数都随着温度的升高而升高,常温时Ni60涂层的平均磨损率为11.23×10-6 mm3/Nm,比基体磨损率降低了近20倍,Ni60涂层呈现出良好的耐磨性。Ni60-h BN涂层在室温、300℃、600℃下均表现出较好的耐磨性,且随着温度的升高,摩擦系数及磨损率逐渐下降,尤其温度为600℃时,Ni60-10%h BN涂层的摩擦系数约为0.23,磨损率约为4.2×10-6 mm3/Nm是Ni60涂层的1/4,呈现出优异的减摩耐磨性能。这是硼化物、碳化物等增强相及润滑转移膜综合作用的结果。室温时激光熔覆Ni60涂层的摩擦系数及磨损率随着载荷增大而升高,2 N、5 N载荷时呈现出较好的耐磨性。600℃时Ni60-10%h BN涂层的摩擦系数及磨损率随着载荷的增加先减小后增大,5 N载荷下显示出优异的自润滑及耐磨性能。
[Abstract]:Laser cladding composite coating on titanium alloy surface is an effective way to improve the tribological properties of titanium alloy. Most of the related studies improve the tribological properties of titanium alloy matrix by increasing the surface hardness and strength, but still show high friction coefficient, especially at high temperature and heavy load. High friction coefficient is harmful to the durability of titanium alloy parts and grinding parts under the special working environment which is not easy to lubricate. The effective method to overcome this problem is to design a composite coating with high temperature self-lubricating properties. In this paper, the Ni60 wear-resistant composite coating was prepared by laser cladding technology. Ni60-5%h BN and Ni60-10%h BN high temperature self-lubricating and wear resistant composite coatings. X ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The phase and microstructure of the coating were analyzed by energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The laser cladding coating at different temperature (room temperature) under dry sliding friction and wear test conditions was systematically studied by using a ball disk high temperature friction and wear tester. 300 鈩,
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