铝基超疏水表面的制备及其耐海水腐蚀性能的研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 09:21

本文关键词： 超疏水铝海水腐蚀性机械疏水耐久度摩擦学性能　出处：《青岛理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,受到仿生学的启发,超疏水表面逐渐走入人们的视野,基于其优异的耐污浊、自清洁、防冰凝、防腐蚀性能,在建筑业、工业、农业等各个领域得到了广泛的应用。随着我国海洋工业的迅速发展,开发海洋,利用海洋,缓解资源环境压力,成为亟待解决的问题。其中海水腐蚀是阻碍海洋工业发展的主要因素之一,本文中将超疏水表面与防海水腐蚀相结合,通过在材料表面制备超疏水涂层来达到缓蚀效果。超疏水表面微纳相结合的粗糙结构易被破坏进而导致了其疏水性能的降低,因此制备具有良好的机械疏水耐久度的基底来提高材料表面的使用寿命是超疏水广泛应用的关键因素。由于铝在海洋中广泛的应用,本文利用商业铝片作为基底,通过阳极氧化法以及刻蚀法制备得到微纳相结合的粗糙结构,改性之后使表面具备超疏水性。通过CHI660E电化学工作站对制备的基底研究其耐腐蚀性能测试,利用UMT摩擦磨损实验机研究超疏水基底的摩擦性能以及机械疏水耐久度。研究发现:(1)通过阳极氧化法对金属铝基底制备氧化铝,然后再经过20g/L的铬酸溶液刻蚀和熔融十四酸进行表面改性,得到了对水静态接触角达150°以上、滚动角为1°的超疏水表面。这种超疏水基底的抗海水腐蚀性能显著提高,缓蚀率可达99.99%,极大地减缓了基底在海水中的腐蚀速率。通过UMT摩擦磨损实验机利用钢球在0.5N负载下摩擦表面研究其摩擦性能,发现薄膜对基底起到了良好的保护作用,寿命超过1800s;利用金相抛光布在0.1N负载下摩擦表面研究机械疏水耐久度,2400周期后表面仍能保持一定的疏水性能。(2)通过Cu Cl2溶液对铝基底进行刻蚀,后通过在恒温干燥箱中加热20h、熔融十四酸改性、加热20h后熔融十四酸改性三种方法制备得到超疏水表面,对水的静态接触角分别为146°、152°、154°,滚动角分别为8°、7°、4°。这些疏水表面在海水环境下都具有一定的缓蚀效果,缓蚀率分别为26.88%、98.06%、99.00%。且不同改性方法制备得到的基底具有不同的摩擦性能与不同的机械疏水耐久度,其中熔融十四酸改性基底耐磨性能最好,在0.5N负载下摩擦系数保持0.4超过1800s。机械疏水耐久度:加热20h后熔融十四酸改性基底熔融十四酸改性基底加热20h改性基底,在经过2400周期后并未完全丧失其疏水性。本文中,将阳极氧化法、化学刻蚀法和低表面能涂层法有机结合,在铝基底上制备出了静态接触角大于150°的超疏水表面,且表面具有优异的耐腐蚀性能、较高机械疏水耐久度。实验结果对于金属铝在防海水腐蚀等实际应用中具有一定的意义。
[Abstract]:In recent years, inspired by bionics, superhydrophobic surface has gradually entered the field of vision, based on its excellent anti-fouling, self-cleaning, anti-icing, anti-corrosion performance in construction, industry. Agriculture and other fields have been widely used. With the rapid development of China's marine industry, the development of the ocean, the use of the ocean, ease the pressure on the resources and environment. Seawater corrosion is one of the main factors hindering the development of marine industry. In this paper, the super-hydrophobic surface is combined with anti-seawater corrosion. The corrosion inhibition effect is achieved by preparing superhydrophobic coating on the surface of the material. The coarse structure of the superhydrophobic surface combined with micro-nano is easy to be destroyed and the hydrophobic property is reduced. Therefore, the preparation of a substrate with good mechanical hydrophobic durability to improve the service life of the material surface is a key factor in the wide application of superhydrophobic materials, because aluminum is widely used in the ocean. In this paper, commercial aluminum wafers were used as substrates, and the coarse microstructure was prepared by anodic oxidation and etching. After modification, the surface was superhydrophobic. The corrosion resistance of the prepared substrate was studied by CHI660E electrochemical workstation. The friction properties and hydrophobic durability of superhydrophobic substrates were studied by UMT friction and wear tester. It was found that the Al _ 2O _ 3 was prepared by anodic oxidation method. After 20 g / L chromic acid solution etching and surface modification of molten 14 acid, the static contact angle of water is over 150 掳. The superhydrophobic surface with a rolling angle of 1 掳has improved the corrosion resistance of the superhydrophobic substrate and the corrosion inhibition rate of the superhydrophobic substrate can reach 99.99%. The corrosion rate of the substrate in seawater was greatly reduced. The friction properties of the steel ball under 0.5 N load were studied by UMT friction and wear tester. It is found that the thin film has a good protective effect on the substrate and its lifetime is longer than 1800s. The mechanical hydrophobic durability was studied on the friction surface of metallographic polishing cloth under 0.1N load. After 2400 cycles, the surface can still maintain a certain hydrophobic property. (2) the aluminum substrate is etched by Cu Cl2 solution, and then modified by melting 14 acid by heating in a constant temperature dryer for 20 h. The superhydrophobic surface was prepared by melting 14 acid modified by heating for 20 h. The static contact angle for water was 146 掳/ 152 掳V 154 掳and the rolling angle was 8 掳(7 掳). 4 掳. These hydrophobic surfaces have certain corrosion inhibition effect in seawater environment, and the corrosion inhibition rates are 26.88% and 98.06% respectively. The substrate prepared by different modification methods has different friction properties and different hydrophobic durability, among which the melt 14 acid modified substrate has the best wear resistance. The mechanical hydrophobic durability of 14 acid modified substrate was heated for 20 hours, and the melting 14 acid modified substrate was melted 14 acid modified substrate was heated for 20 hours and the modified substrate was heated for 20 hours. The hydrophobicity has not been completely lost after 2400 cycles. In this paper, the anodic oxidation method, chemical etching method and low surface energy coating method are combined organically. The superhydrophobic surface with static contact angle greater than 150 掳was prepared on the aluminum substrate, and the surface had excellent corrosion resistance. The experimental results have a certain significance for the practical application of aluminum in seawater corrosion prevention and so on.
【学位授予单位】：青岛理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG174.4

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