钨极惰性气体保护焊熔池三维自由表面特征参数的激光视觉测量

发布时间：2018-02-22 22:08

本文关键词： 钨极惰性气体保护焊激光视觉熔池自由表面特征参数　出处：《上海交通大学学报》2015年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：针对现有的钨极惰性气体保护焊熔池三维自由表面测量方法难以应用于强弧光、高温辐射、液态金属表面镜面反射等问题,提出一种激光视觉测量法.利用小功率点或线阵模式结构激光照射覆盖整个熔池表面,采用高速摄像机实时采集经熔池液态金属表面反射畸变的激光图像.设计图像处理算法提取成像激光点位置坐标,建立与投射激光点位置坐标的空间转换数学模型,离线获得熔池三维自由表面的几何特征参数值,对比实测凝固熔池表面对应参数值发现,所提取的几何特征参数值与实测值吻合较好,熔宽、长度和凸度误差分别为0.8%、0.6%和4.7%,证明激光视觉法能够实现熔池自由表面三维信息的动态测量,为采用几何特征参数调整熔池自由表面形貌变化控制焊缝成形及缺陷提供一种新方法.
[Abstract]:The existing measurement methods of tungsten inert gas shielded weld pool 3D free surface are difficult to be used in high arc radiation, high temperature radiation, mirror reflection of liquid metal surface, etc. A laser vision measurement method is proposed in which the surface of the whole molten pool is irradiated by a laser beam with a low power point or a linear array structure. Laser images with reflection distortion on molten metal surface were collected by high speed camera in real time. The image processing algorithm was designed to extract the position coordinates of imaging laser points, and to establish a mathematical model of spatial transformation between laser point position coordinates and projection laser point position coordinates. The geometric characteristic parameters of the three dimensional free surface of the molten pool are obtained off-line. Compared with the measured values of the corresponding parameters of the solidified molten pool surface, it is found that the extracted geometric characteristic parameters are in good agreement with the measured values, and the melting width is good. The error of length and convexity are 0.8% and 4.7% respectively. It is proved that the laser vision method can realize the dynamic measurement of 3D information on the free surface of the molten pool. It provides a new method for controlling weld formation and defects by adjusting the free surface morphology of weld pool by geometric characteristic parameters.
【作者单位】：兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)前期研究专项(2014CB660810) 国家自然科学基金项目(61365011);国家自然科学基金国际合作与交流项目(51210105024) 兰州理工大学红柳杰出人才培养计划项目(J201201) 陇原创新性人才扶持计划项目资助
【分类号】：TG409;TP391.41

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