机床大件结构特性分析及其优化设计

发布时间：2018-03-09 01:15

本文选题：动静态特性　切入点：有限元　出处：《沈阳工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文针对结构优化展开研究，对立柱以及床身动、静态特性进行了分析并展开了优化设计研究。主要研究工作包括：（1）介绍了机床优化发展情况，对于有限元理论及优化原则进行了介绍。（2）对某加工中心进行整机CAD建模，，基于其实际加工情况对其主要部件的受力进行了计算，对其立柱与床身进行了动、静态计算。（3）利用变量化分析的方法，研究了元结构和框架尺寸的结构形式及结构尺寸。分析了元结构的出砂孔数目、形状、大小，筋格的边长、厚度以及各边长比例对其基频影响；同时还研究了立柱、床身基本框架结构与其低阶固有频率的关系，获得了框架尺寸与低阶固有频率之间的关系规律。应用元结构思想对立柱、床身结构进行了优化设计。（4）阐述了参数化建模的思路，并基于此思路对机床的立柱进行了参数化模型的建立。（5）根据前面建立的参数化CAD模型导入ANSYS Workbench变为参数化CAE模型。选择筋板厚度为设计变量，将设计变量的参数分两次进行研究，最后综合考虑优化结果。以立柱质量最轻和最大变形量最小为优化目标，以各筋板厚度为优化变量，以第一阶固有频率为约束条件，对其进行多目标优化，得到Pareto优化解集，从而得出优化模型，结果表明，优化结果可靠有效。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the structural optimization is studied, the dynamic and static characteristics of the column and the bed are analyzed and the optimization design is studied. The main research work includes:. The development of machine tool optimization is introduced, and the finite element theory and optimization principle are introduced. 2) based on the CAD model of a machining center, the force of its main parts is calculated, and the dynamic and static calculation of its column and bed is carried out. (3) using the method of variational analysis, the structural form and size of element structure and frame size are studied, and the effects of the number, shape, size, side length, thickness and ratio of each side length of element structure on its fundamental frequency are analyzed. At the same time, the relationship between the basic frame structure of column and bed and its low order natural frequency is studied, and the relationship between frame size and low order natural frequency is obtained, and the optimum design of column and bed structure is carried out by using the idea of element structure. (4) the idea of parameterized modeling is expounded, and the parameterized model of machine tool column is established based on this idea. 5) according to the parameterized CAD model established before, the ANSYS Workbench is transformed into the parameterized CAE model. The thickness of the stiffened plate is selected as the design variable, and the parameters of the design variable are studied in two stages. Finally, the optimization results are considered synthetically. With the minimum of column mass and maximum deformation as the optimization objective, the thickness of each stiffened plate as the optimization variable and the first order natural frequency as the constraint condition, the multi-objective optimization of the column is carried out, and the Pareto optimization solution set is obtained. The results show that the optimization results are reliable and effective.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG502.3

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