低气压对自保护药芯焊丝电弧特性的影响

发布时间：2018-03-16 20:49

本文选题：电弧特性　切入点：低气压电弧焊接　出处：《清华大学学报(自然科学版)》2015年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了研究气压降低对电弧特性的影响,对不同大气压情况下的焊接工艺数据进行研究和机理分析。研究结果表明:自保护药芯焊丝的电弧静特性呈下降趋势;随着焊炬高度(电弧长度)的增加,电弧静特性曲线上移。在低气压环境下,电弧空间的气体密度和温度降低,导致导电粒子密度降低,焊接电流减小;焊接电弧的扩展,导致弧柱直径增大、电场强度降低,但阴极和阳极压降增加,仍使总电弧电压增加。由于低气压时的弧柱电场强度降低,电弧的自身调节能力减弱,电弧稳定性和弧柱挺度下降,从而影响焊缝成形和接头质量。在低气压地区进行自保护药芯焊丝电弧焊接时,必须严格控制焊接工艺参数,尽可能采用低电弧电压进行焊接。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effect of air pressure reduction on arc characteristics, the welding process data under different atmospheric pressure were studied and the mechanism was analyzed. The results showed that the arc static characteristics of self-shielded flux-cored wires were decreasing. With the increase of torch height (arc length), the arc static characteristic curve moves up. In low pressure environment, the gas density and temperature in the arc space decrease, which results in the decrease of conductive particle density and welding current. The arc column diameter increases, the electric field intensity decreases, but the cathode and anode voltage drop increases, which still increases the total arc voltage. Because of the decrease of the electric field intensity of the arc column at low pressure, the self-regulating ability of the arc is weakened. The arc stability and the stiffness of the arc column are decreased, which affects the weld formation and joint quality. In the low pressure area, the welding process parameters must be strictly controlled and the low arc voltage should be used as far as possible when the self-shielded flux-cored wire arc welding is carried out.
【作者单位】：清华大学先进成形制造教育部重点实验室;黑龙江科技大学材料科学与工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51075231) 铁道部科技研究开发计划重大项目(2008G001-C) 铁道部科技研究开发计划重点课题(2010G025) 国家科技重大专项(2012ZX04012011)
【分类号】：TG422.3

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