铣镗床能耗测试与分析研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 00:21

本文选题：绿色制造　切入点：机床能耗　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着能源、资源、环境等问题逐渐成为人类社会进一步发展的关键性制约因素,可持续发展已经成为了全人类的共识。机械制造业作为能源和资源的消耗大户,面临成本不断上升,监管越来越严格等各方面的压力。机床作为机械产品的工作母机的同时也是重要的机械产品,对能源资源的消耗十分巨大,节能潜力巨大,但对其进行优化设计和节能运行需要首先准确测试和分析其能耗特性。由于机床能耗特性非常复杂,通常采用加工一定的标准样件的方法来进行测试和分析,但目前缺乏公认的标准样件可供使用,也没有标准化的测试流程,导致无法保证测试数据的一致性。针对以上问题,本文从机床能耗模型理论建模入手,又通过实验研究了机床能耗特性,在此基础上提出了两种基于标准样件的机床能耗测试和分析方法,具体为:参照ISO14955-1确立了机床系统边界,定义了5种机床基本运动,提出了4条假设,在此基础上得到了机床能耗计算框架,将机床能耗分为可变能耗和固定能耗,提出了基于机床状态变化的机床加工过程能耗计算公式。针对其中的可变能耗,逐项建立了其理论模型。以TK6513刨台式铣镗床为研究对象,搭建了实验系统,包括能耗测量系统和机床状态信息采集系统。在此基础上,设计了相关实验,测试了机床固定能耗,验证并进一步简化了可变能耗理论模型,并对理论模型中的一些参数进行了实验拟合与分析。分析和介绍了与机床相关的三类人员对机床能耗测试的需求,在此基础上探讨了机床能耗测试标准样件设计的一般性准则,提出了基于实体标准样件和虚拟标准样件的两种基于标准样件的机床能耗测试和分析方法,进行了相关实验验证。
[Abstract]:With energy, resources, environment and other issues gradually becoming the key constraints for the further development of human society, sustainable development has become the consensus of all mankind. The machine tool, as a working machine of mechanical products, is also an important mechanical product, which consumes a great deal of energy resources and has huge energy saving potential. However, it is necessary to test and analyze the energy consumption characteristics of the machine tools by optimizing design and energy saving operation. Because of the complexity of the energy consumption characteristics of machine tools, the method of machining certain standard samples is usually used to test and analyze. However, there is no accepted standard sample to be used, and there is no standardized test flow, which makes it impossible to guarantee the consistency of test data. In view of the above problems, this paper starts with the modeling of machine tool energy consumption model theory. On the basis of the experimental study on the characteristics of machine tool energy consumption, two methods of testing and analyzing machine tool energy consumption based on standard samples are proposed. The specific methods are as follows: referring to ISO14955-1, the boundary of machine tool system is established, and five basic movements of machine tools are defined. In this paper, four hypotheses are put forward, and then the calculating frame of machine tool energy consumption is obtained. The energy consumption of machine tool is divided into variable energy consumption and fixed energy consumption. A formula for calculating machine tool energy consumption in machining process based on the change of machine tool state is proposed. Taking the TK6513 planer table milling and boring machine as the research object, the experimental system, including the energy consumption measurement system and the state information collection system of the machine tool, is built. On the basis of this, the related experiments are designed and the fixed energy consumption of the machine tool is tested. The variable energy consumption theory model is verified and simplified, and some parameters in the theoretical model are fitted and analyzed experimentally. The requirements of three kinds of personnel related to machine tool for the testing of machine tool energy consumption are analyzed and introduced. On this basis, the general criteria for the design of machine tool energy consumption test standard samples are discussed, and two methods of machine tool energy consumption testing and analysis based on entity standard samples and virtual standard samples are proposed, and the relevant experiments are carried out to verify them.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG659

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