基于嵌入式机器视觉的激光熔覆成形熔池离焦量在线测控系统

发布时间：2018-04-08 21:16

本文选题：激光技术　切入点：激光熔覆成形　出处：《中国激光》2015年03期

【摘要】：在金属激光熔覆自由三维成形中,不断生长的成形面与成形喷头之间的距离应保持恒定值,以保证生长表面上处于聚焦激光焦点附近熔池的离焦量基本不变。以光学三角法为原理,提出了一种基于嵌入式机器视觉的激光自由成形熔池离焦量在线测控系统,推导出了镜头焦距设计公式,给出了系统硬件方案以及软件方案,同时为高效稳定处理熔池图像,提出了一种基于面积的熔池灰度阈值估计算法。经测试,此测量系统能实时准确地测得熔池离焦量,将该系统运用至实际薄壁圆环成形中,实时调节光头提升速度以保持离焦量恒定,使得薄壁圆环成形精度得到明显提高。
[Abstract]:In metal laser cladding free 3D forming, the distance between the continuously growing forming surface and the forming nozzle should be kept constant, so as to ensure that the defocusing amount of the molten pool near the focused laser focus on the growth surface is basically unchanged.Based on the principle of optical triangulation, an on-line measurement and control system of laser free-forming molten pool defocusing is proposed based on embedded machine vision. The design formula of lens focal length is derived, and the hardware and software scheme are given.In order to process molten pool image efficiently and stably, an area based gray threshold estimation algorithm is proposed.The measurement system can measure the defocus of molten pool in real time and accurately. The system is applied to the actual thin-walled ring forming. The lifting speed of the optical head is adjusted in real time to keep the defocus constant, and the forming accuracy of the thin-walled ring is obviously improved.
【作者单位】：苏州大学机电工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(61475107) 江苏省科技支撑计划重点(BE2012068)资助课题江苏省光子制造科学与技术重点实验室开放基金(GZ201209)
【分类号】：TG665;TP391.41

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