难加工材料高效切削新方法及刀具结构研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 23:28

本文选题：多自由度切削加工 + 铣-铣复合加工方法　；参考：《北京理工大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：难加工材料得到了越来越广泛的应用,这些材料所具有良好的性能特征使其能很好地满足使用要求。通过新的高效切削方法和对应的新刀具结构来降低难加工材料切削加工过程的切削力、提高刀具寿命、提高加工效率是切削加工领域的一个研究的课题。本文针对难加工材料高效切削新方法及刀具结构进行了研究,主要包括以下几个方面:1、基于复合加工的思想、磨损均化的思想、有序多刃加工的思想和多自由度切削加工方法概念,提出了一种全新的加工方法铣-铣复合加工方法。铣-铣复合加工方法综合了端面铣刀和螺旋刃立铣刀的优点,利用端面铣刀和螺旋刃立铣刀合成运动来完成表面加工。对铣-铣复合加工方法的原理进行了分析,并对其进行了分类。根据铣-铣复合加工方法具有的组合优势,提出了顺逆混合铣-铣复合加工方法的概念。2、通过理论和实验的方法得出了铣-铣复合加工方法的优势:铣-铣复合加工方法的切削力较传统的端面铣削切削力小;铣-铣复合加工方法成功的解决了断屑问题。铣-铣复合加工方法的实际切削速度是立铣刀的速度与刀盘的速度的合成,因此当立铣刀的速度取一较大值时,刀盘的速度取一较小值就能实现高速切削;铣-铣复合加工方法提高了整个刀具的寿命;铣-铣复合加工方法具有高的效率和高的材料的去除率;铣-铣复合加工方法既可以发挥端面铣刀的直径较大、一次铣削平面的面积较大的优势也可以发挥螺旋刃立铣刀切削轻快、平稳、效率高等优点,同时端面铣刀、螺旋刃立铣刀的好的优秀的成果也可直接应用于铣-铣复合加工方法中;另一方面铣-铣复合加工方法也有自身的特色,如顺逆混合铣-铣复合加工方法可抵消部分切削力。3、通过理论和实验的方法得出了在铣-铣复合加工方法中,随切削速率比的增大铣削力减小。随着切削速率比的增大切屑对应部分的厚度将不断的减小以及相应的等效厚度也将不断的减小。随着铣-铣切削速率比的增加表面粗糙度减小表面形貌越来越好。从理论和实践的角度深层次地分析研究了多自由度切削加工方法中重要参数“切削速率比”。4、根据铣-铣复合加工方法的原理和切削机理,提出了铣-铣复合加工方法的多种硬件实现形式,从结构上进行了创新。包括提出了铣-铣复合加工方法基于机电一体化思想的硬件实现形式、采用周转轮系的硬件实现形式。设计了行星铣刀、机电式铣-铣动力头和机械式铣-铣动力头。根据铣-铣复合加工方法自身的特点,设计了非线性螺旋刃圆柱立铣刀。5、采用与铣-铣复合加工方法相同的思路对多自由度铣削加工方法的另一种实现形式驱动式滚切铣削进行了归纳分析,包括“切削速率比”与表面形貌、刀具后刀面磨损速率、切削力大小之间的关系以及硬件实现等。
[Abstract]:Difficult to machining materials has been more and more widely used, these materials have good performance characteristics so that it can well meet the requirements. To reduce the cutting force of hard machining material cutting process, cutting tool structure by the new method and the corresponding new and improved tool life, improve processing efficiency is a study of machining field. This paper studies the new method of difficult machining materials with high efficiency and cutting tool structure was carried out, mainly including the following aspects: 1, based on the idea of composite processing, wear homogenization theory, ordered multi edge processing ideas and multi degree of freedom cutting method concept, put forward a kind of processing new method of milling and milling machining method. Milling milling method combines the advantages of face milling and helical blade milling cutter, cutter movement to end the use of synthetic helical end milling cutter and Surface processing. The principle of milling milling machining methods are analyzed, and its classification. According to the combination of advantages of milling milling method, along the concept of.2 inverse hybrid milling milling machining method is put forward, through theoretical and experimental methods of milling and milling machining methods: the advantages of end milling cutting force milling milling method compared with the traditional small milling; milling compound machining method successfully solve the problem of chip breaking. The actual cutting speed milling milling machining method is the synthesis of speed cutter and cutter speed, so when the cutter speed take a large value, the cutter speed from a smaller value can realize high speed cutting; milling milling method increase the tool life; the removal rate of milling and milling machining method with high efficiency and high material; milling milling composite additive Construction method can not only play the larger diameter end cutter, a milling plane area can also play a greater advantage of spiral blade milling cutter cutting light, stable, high efficiency, and face milling, spiral blade milling cutter the good results can be directly applied to the milling milling machining method in the other; on the one hand milling milling machining method has its own characteristics, such as inverse mixed milling milling method of cutting force can be offset in part.3, through theoretical and experimental methods obtained in the milling milling machining method, cutting speed with the increase of the ratio of milling force decreases with cutting speed than the equivalent thickness. The increase of chip corresponding thickness will decrease continuously and will decrease continuously. With the milling milling rate than the increase of surface roughness decreases the surface morphology better. From theoretical and practical angle Deep research on multi degree of freedom cutting method in the important parameters of "cutting rate than".4, according to the principle and mechanism of cutting milling milling method, put forward various forms of hardware milling milling method, and made innovation. The structure comprises a proposed milling milling composite processing method realization principle of electromechanical integration based on hardware realization by hardware. The design of epicyclic gear planetary milling cutter, electromechanical milling power head and mechanical milling milling power head. According to the milling milling machining method of its own characteristics, design a nonlinear helical milling cutter.5, using the same with the milling milling machining method of multi DOF milling method is another form of driving type hobbing are summarized and analyzed, including the cutting speed ratio and surface morphology, tool flank The relationship between the wear rate, the cutting force and the size of the cutting force, and the realization of the hardware.

【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG71;TG506.1

【参考文献】