于最小区域平面的角类元件角误差测量新技术

发布时间：2018-05-05 10:37

本文选题：平面度误差 + 最小区域法(MZM)　；参考：《北京理工大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：测量是制造过程中的重要一环，加工的零件在按要求测量后送到组装线，通过测量确保加工的零部件符合设计要求从而使生产的产品满足设计性能。连同其他物理参数一起，几何公差在满足组装配合要求以及产品性能方面起到重要作用。测量误差是测量值与真值的差，而现实中无法获得测量参数的真值，而误差分析是一种控制测量误差的有效方法。测量不确定度用来针对测量误差问题对测量结果进行评价。新一代产品几何技术规范(GPS)是一个几何规范链连接几何产品周期全过程，包括研究、开发、设计、生产、检验/验证其交货、使用和维护。本文提出了角度元件如棱镜、多角形、量块以及类似的部件的角度测量新方法。新方法基于最小区域平面以及圆周封闭原则。最小区域平面根据ISO12781-1标准通过优化技术利用最小区域法确定。这种新方法可以测量角度参数如的角度元件各面之间、步进角和累积步进角的误差等。相对于其它测量方法如利用自准直仪和干涉仪的测量方法，新方法显示了其具有的简单和合理的有点。和其他类型的形状误差一样，，平面度误差是影响零件功能的一个重要特性，因此角度测量需要考虑角平面的平面度的影响。本文还给出了平面度误差测量的遗传算法的具体代码以及利用最小区域发确定最小区域平面的方法。本文借助于平面度的评价方法给出了基于最小区域平面的角元件的角度定义，建立了测量平面度、最小区域平面和各种角参数的最小区域法数学模型。本文研究了平面度误差和角度误差的不确定度误差的评价方法，利用新一代产品几何技术规范标准对平面度误差和角度误差进行了验证。建立了确定传递系数的数学方法。平面度误差、平直度平面的确立，角度误差及其评价分析都在新一代产品几何技术规范标准框架之内。
[Abstract]:Measurement is an important part in the manufacturing process. The machined parts are measured and sent to the assembly line according to the requirements. Through the measurement, the manufactured parts meet the design requirements so that the products can meet the design performance. Together with other physical parameters, geometric tolerances play an important role in meeting assembly requirements and product performance. The measurement error is the difference between the measurement value and the true value, but the true value of the measurement parameter can not be obtained in reality, and error analysis is an effective method to control the measurement error. Measurement uncertainty is used to evaluate the measurement results in view of measurement errors. GPSs is a whole process of geometric product cycle, including research, development, design, production, inspection / verification, delivery, use and maintenance. A new method for angle measurement of angular elements such as prism, polygonal, measuring blocks and similar components is presented in this paper. The new method is based on the principle of minimum region plane and circular closure. The minimum region plane is determined by using the minimum region method according to the ISO12781-1 standard. The new method can be used to measure the errors of angle parameters such as the error of the angle elements, the step angle and the cumulative step angle. Compared with other measurement methods such as autocollimator and interferometer, the new method shows its simplicity and rationality. Like other types of shape errors flatness error is an important characteristic that affects the function of parts so the influence of angle plane on flatness should be considered in angle measurement. In this paper, the code of genetic algorithm for flatness error measurement and the method of using minimum region to determine the minimum region plane are given. In this paper, the angle definition of angle element based on minimum area plane is given by means of flatness evaluation method, and the mathematical model of minimum region method for measuring flatness, minimum area plane and all kinds of angle parameters is established. In this paper, the evaluation method of uncertainty error of flatness error and angle error is studied, and the flatness error and angle error are verified by the new product geometric specification standard. A mathematical method for determining the transfer coefficient is established. The flatness error, flatness plane, angle error and its evaluation analysis are all within the framework of the new product geometric technical specification standard.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG82

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