滚动直线导轨阻尼器的减振机理研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 01:22

本文选题：油膜阻尼器 + 薄膜润滑　；参考：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国加工制造业朝着高速高精方向快速发展,对数控机床也提出了更高的要求。滚动直线导轨是数控机床的关键功能部件之一,其性能直接影响着数控机床的整机性能。滚动直线导轨的抗振性能是数控机床性能提升的瓶颈。近年来这一问题也引起了国内外的重视,国外已经有公司开发出了导轨油膜阻尼器,通过导轨与阻尼器之间的挤压油膜来达到减振的效果。我国在此领域的研究比较落后,还没有成型的产品。因此,开展滚动直线导轨阻尼器的减振机理研究就显得尤为重要。本文对处于薄膜润滑状态下的滚动直线导轨阻尼器的减振机理展开研究,为我国高性能导轨阻尼器的自主产业化提供相关的理论支持。首先,阐述了阻尼器的工作原理,介绍了阻尼滑块薄膜润滑的机理,考虑润滑介质的黏度随液体离开表面距离的变化,建立了变黏度的修正Reynolds方程,考虑阻尼滑块运动过程中温度对润滑油黏度的影响,建立了黏温修正的等效黏温修正模型,得到黏温修正的变黏度雷诺方程。其次,分析了滚动直线导轨薄膜润滑阻尼器在振动过程中的阻尼类型,建立了阻尼器油膜阻尼的数学模型,分析了润滑油膜在挤压过程中的能量耗散因子,考虑流固交界面上的流体动力,建立了阻尼器与导轨结构及其周围润滑油流体所组成的流固耦合运动方程。运用有限元软件ANSYS Workbench对导轨阻尼器系统进行有限元仿真分析计算,主要是进行系统的模态分析和谐响应分析。得出当有阻尼器和无阻尼器时导轨系统的固有频率和振型特点,以及在外界简谐激励下,有阻尼器导轨系统和无阻尼器导轨系统的响应特点。最后对导轨阻尼器综合试验平台进行了方案研究。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's manufacturing industry towards high speed and high precision, higher requirements for CNC machine tools have been put forward. Rolling linear guideway is one of the key functional components of CNC machine tools, and its performance directly affects the performance of CNC machine tools. The vibration resistance of rolling linear guideway is the bottleneck of NC machine performance improvement. In recent years, this problem has also been paid attention to at home and abroad. Some foreign companies have developed the guideway oil film damper, through the compression film between the rail and damper to achieve the effect of vibration reduction. China's research in this field is relatively backward, there are no products. Therefore, it is very important to study the damping mechanism of rolling linear rail damper. In this paper, the damping mechanism of rolling linear rail damper under thin film lubrication is studied, which provides relevant theoretical support for the independent industrialization of high performance guideway damper in China. Firstly, the working principle of damper is expounded, and the mechanism of damping slider film lubrication is introduced. Considering the change of viscosity of lubricating medium with the distance from the surface of liquid, the modified Reynolds equation of variable viscosity is established. Considering the effect of temperature on the viscosity of lubricating oil during the motion of damping slider, an equivalent viscosity temperature correction model is established, and the Reynolds equation of variable viscosity is obtained. Secondly, the damping type of rolling linear guideway film lubrication damper in vibration process is analyzed, the mathematical model of damper oil film damping is established, and the energy dissipation factor of lubricating oil film in extrusion process is analyzed. Considering the fluid dynamics at the fluid-solid interface, a fluid-solid coupled motion equation consisting of the damper, the structure of the guide rail and the lubricating oil fluid around it is established. The finite element software ANSYS Workbench is used to simulate and calculate the rail damper system, which is mainly used for modal analysis and harmonic response analysis of the system. The characteristics of the natural frequency and vibration mode of the rail system with and without dampers and the response characteristics of the rail systems with dampers and without dampers under external harmonic excitation are obtained. Finally, the comprehensive test platform of rail damper is studied.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB535;TG659

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