汽车减震器气缸缸筒热旋压设备的关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 13:14

本文选题：汽车减震器 + 缸筒　；参考：《辽宁工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：汽车减震器通过使车架与车身的震动迅速衰减，进而改善汽车行驶的平顺性和舒适性能。汽车减震器作为汽车的主要配件，也是易损件，其中的减震器筒是决定其寿命的关键零件之一，而减震器筒的缸底和缸筒一体且缸底为半球形时缸筒点的寿命最高、工艺性最好。以往减震器缸筒封头的加工方法多为铸造、螺纹连接、焊接结构和滚压成型等，这些方法虽然可以实现缸筒和缸底的连接，但不能保证加工质量或加工效率低，基于此，本文研究一种新型的热旋压装置，可实现缸筒封头的高效高质量加工，同时本文对加工设备的关键技术参数的确定进行了研究。本文叙述了旋压设备的国内外发展情况，，确定了热旋压设备的研究方案，设计了实现动作的液压和气压系统，完成了实现热旋压功能的各个机械机构设计，并对夹具装置和旋压装置主要参数的确定进行了数值仿真。机械设计部分完成了运用机械接合无杆气缸实现自动上下料的设计；对夹紧装置进行了选择，选取了精密夹头对工件进行夹紧；确定了对工件的加热方式为电磁加热，实现了加热过程的高效节能；最后考虑到机械传动方式的定位精度及稳定性较好，采用机械传动的方式进行模具进给，且夹具与模具同时同速、同向旋转以保证液化物尽可能依附于成型内胎及芯轴上，保证其按胎具及芯轴形状成型；完成了绘制热旋压设备实现各个动作的气压、液压系统的原理图。金属热处理部分结合金属热处理的相关理论及金属的金相组织图，确定了无缝钢管的加热温度及温度延其分布的曲线；并对加热后的无缝钢管用喷射保护气体氮气的方式进行冷却降温。数值仿真部分完成了对用以制作汽车减震器气缸缸筒的无缝钢管进行喷射氮气冷却降温的热-结构-流体耦合分析，得到了氮气喷射的最佳温度、速度及时间；应用塑性成型的数值模拟方法实现对复杂成型问题进行数值模拟，分析成型过程中的应力应变分布及其变化规律。
[Abstract]:The vehicle shock absorber attenuates the vibration of the frame and body quickly, and then improves the ride comfort and comfort of the vehicle. The shock absorber is one of the key parts that determine its life, and the cylinder has the highest life when the cylinder bottom and cylinder bottom are integrated and the cylinder bottom is hemispherical. The craftsmanship is the best. In the past, most of the machining methods of cylinder head of shock absorber were casting, thread connection, welding structure and rolling molding, etc. Although these methods can realize the connection between cylinder and cylinder bottom, they can not guarantee the machining quality or the machining efficiency is low. In this paper, a new type of hot spinning device is studied, which can realize the high efficiency and high quality machining of cylinder head. At the same time, the determination of the key technical parameters of the processing equipment is studied in this paper. This paper describes the development of spinning equipment at home and abroad, determines the research scheme of hot spinning equipment, designs the hydraulic and pneumatic system to realize the action, and completes the design of each mechanical mechanism to realize the hot spinning function. The main parameters of fixture and spinning device are simulated numerically. In the part of mechanical design, the design of automatic loading and unloading by using mechanical jointless cylinder is completed, the clamping device is selected, the precise chuck is selected to clamp the workpiece, and the heating mode of the workpiece is determined as electromagnetic heating. Finally, considering the good positioning accuracy and stability of the mechanical transmission mode, the die feed is carried out by the mechanical transmission mode, and the fixture is at the same speed as the mould. The liquid is rotated in the same direction to ensure that the liquefaction is attached to the inner tube and core shaft as much as possible, and it is shaped according to the shape of the tire and the core shaft. The principle diagram of the pressure and hydraulic system of the hot spinning equipment to realize each action is completed. Combined with the theory of metal heat treatment and metallographic structure of metal, the heating temperature and temperature distribution curve of seamless steel tube are determined. The heating seamless steel pipe is cooled and cooled by injection of nitrogen gas. In the part of numerical simulation, the thermo-structure-fluid coupling analysis of the seamless steel tube used to make cylinder cylinder of automobile shock absorber is completed, and the optimum temperature, velocity and time of nitrogen injection are obtained. The numerical simulation method of plastic forming is used to simulate the complex forming problem, and the stress and strain distribution and its variation in the forming process are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U463.335.1;TG305

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