蓄热式加热炉温度控制系统

发布时间：2018-05-11 19:23

本文选题：加热炉 + 钢坯温度　；参考：《北京工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：加热炉是轧钢行业中最重要的设备之一,其控制目标是获得满足轧机轧制所要求的钢坯温度分布的前提下,实现最小的钢坯表面烧损和能耗的经济指标。加热炉的自动化控制水平和采用的控制方法直接影响到能耗、烧损率、废钢率、产量、质量等指标。因此采用先进的自动化控制技术和设备,开展对加热炉炉温控制方法的研究对于提高加热炉的加热效率、节能降耗、减少污染具有重要意义。加热炉加热过程是具有复杂工业对象的大滞后、多变量、强耦合、大惯性、非线性等特点,并且炉温分布难以测量,外界的扰动因素较多,导致传统的控制方法很难取得良好的控制效果。本文根据加热炉的实际特点,做了以下几点:1、以加热炉炉温为研究和控制对象,对加热炉均热段温度采用WINCC做温度设定及比对画面,对于温度超差现象及时报警,便于操作工快速做出反应并在温度异常时手动可以干预。2、采用PID调节结合分段性控制的方法,将温度上升和温度下降各分为4个阶段,在PID调节还没有达到温度加热要求时直接程序干预,给定相反的输出给定,提前预防PID调节滞后带来的不良影响,再将温度差值分为4个不同的控制阶段,根据温度差值的不同,对阀门的给定输出做出给定,结合现实的燃烧情况,再根据温度的差值继续对阀门的开度做调节,直到温度达到控制要求时阀门开度保持,实现对加热炉的燃烧控制。3、运用加热炉实际燃烧经验结合西门子PLC现场调试相互集合的方法,通过大量实践来验证控制方法并论证了温度控制的可行性,并实现了温度的自动控制。经过实际运行调试,这种PID结合分段性控制器收敛特性好,速度快,不仅实现了加热炉均热段温度自动控制。而且大大减少了加热炉岗位工的工作强度,提高了加热炉温度自动化控制程度,为后期其他加热炉的温度自动控制提供了宝贵的经验。
[Abstract]:Reheating furnace is one of the most important equipments in rolling industry. Its control goal is to obtain the temperature distribution of billet which meets the requirement of rolling mill, and to realize the economic index of minimum surface burning loss and energy consumption of billet. The automatic control level of heating furnace and the control methods adopted directly affect the indexes of energy consumption, burning loss rate, scrap rate, output and quality, etc. Therefore, it is of great significance to adopt advanced automatic control technology and equipment to study the method of furnace temperature control for improving heating efficiency, saving energy and reducing consumption, and reducing pollution. The heating process of reheating furnace is characterized by large lag, multivariable, strong coupling, large inertia, nonlinear and so on, and the temperature distribution of the furnace is difficult to measure, and the outside disturbance factors are many. The traditional control method is difficult to achieve good control effect. According to the actual characteristics of the reheating furnace, this paper makes the following points: 1. Taking the furnace temperature as the research and control object, using WINCC to set and compare the temperature of the reheating furnace in the soaking section, the temperature overshoot phenomenon is alerted in time. It is convenient for the operator to react quickly and to intervene manually when the temperature is abnormal. Using the method of PID regulation and piecewise control, the rise and fall of temperature are divided into four stages, respectively. When the PID regulation has not reached the temperature heating requirement, the direct program intervention, given the opposite output given, in advance to prevent the adverse effects of the PID adjustment lag, and then divide the temperature difference into four different control stages. According to the difference of temperature, the given output of the valve is given, combined with the actual combustion situation, and then according to the difference of temperature continue to adjust the opening of the valve, until the temperature reaches the control requirements, the valve opening is maintained. The combustion control of reheating furnace is realized. The practical combustion experience of reheating furnace combined with the method of Siemens PLC field debugging is used to collect each other. Through a large number of practices, the control method is verified and the feasibility of temperature control is proved. The automatic control of temperature is realized. After the actual operation and debugging, the PID combined with the piecewise controller has good convergence characteristics and high speed, which not only realizes the automatic control of the temperature of the equalizing section of the reheating furnace. Moreover, it greatly reduces the working intensity of the reheating furnace, improves the temperature automation control degree of the reheating furnace, and provides valuable experience for the automatic temperature control of other reheating furnaces in the later stage.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG333

【共引文献】