硝酸溶液中铝的电化学溶解行为

发布时间：2018-05-12 06:10

本文选题：后处理 + 铝基体　；参考：《核化学与放射化学》2015年06期

【摘要】：铝常用作核燃料的包壳材料以及辐照靶件的基体材料。研究其电化学溶解行为对于开发新型铝基体首端溶解工艺具有重要意义。研究了铝在硝酸中的阳极溶解电化学行为,并测定一系列条件下铝阳极的电化学阻抗谱、极化曲线和循环伏安曲线。结果表明:在稳态时,铝表面形成钝化膜,钝化膜的厚度随硝酸浓度的升高先下降后升高,在硝酸浓度为4mol/L时厚度较薄;体系的温度升高、硝酸铝浓度下降都使钝化膜的厚度减小;在有极化电流作用下,升高温度、增大酸度以及增大硝酸铝浓度,都易于使膜击穿,从而实现阳极溶解;铝在硝酸中的溶解速率仅与电流强度有关,电解速率可达0.4g/(A·h)。
[Abstract]:Aluminum is often used as cladding material for nuclear fuel and substrate material for irradiated target. It is of great significance to study the electrochemical dissolution behavior of aluminum matrix. The electrochemical behavior of anodic dissolution of aluminum in nitric acid was studied. The electrochemical impedance spectra, polarization curves and cyclic voltammograms of aluminum anode were measured under a series of conditions. The results show that the passivation film is formed on the surface of aluminum in steady state. The thickness of the passivation film decreases first and then increases with the increase of nitric acid concentration, and the thickness is thinner when the concentration of nitric acid is 4mol/L, and the temperature of the system increases. When the concentration of aluminum nitrate decreases, the thickness of the passivated film decreases, and the anodic dissolution is realized by increasing the temperature, acidity and concentration of aluminum nitrate under the action of polarization current. The dissolution rate of aluminum in nitric acid is only dependent on the current intensity, and the electrolysis rate can reach 0.4g/(A HN.
【作者单位】：中国原子能科学研究院放射化学研究所;
【分类号】：TG146.21

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