高速精密机床球轴承力学特性分析

发布时间：2018-05-12 18:52

本文选题：角接触球轴承 + 载荷分布　；参考：《武汉科技大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：机床主轴是高速精密机床的核心部件之一,其中主轴轴承作为机床主轴的最关键组件,其类型、结构及速度适应性、旋转精度、刚性、噪声、功耗、摩擦与温升、热变形等直接影响到机床主轴的工作性能,因此有必要对其力学性能展开相应研究。本文以高速精密机床角接触球轴承为研究对象,建立了静力学模型、五自由度拟静力学模型和考虑元件偏差的拟静力学模型,为球轴承动态性能及其影响因素的分析提供了可靠的数值平台。首先,通过对角接触球轴承受载之后的套圈和球中心位移分析,建立了球轴承静力学载荷分布模型。基于所建立的静力学模型,系统分析了轴承外载荷和内外圈沟曲率半径等参数的变化对轴承接触角和载荷分布的影响。其次,在静力学模型的基础上,建立了考虑离心力和陀螺力矩的拟静力学模型,对比分析了拟静力学模型和静力学模型下滚动体与内外圈的接触角和接触载荷分布情况。基于拟静力学模型,研究分析了在不同工况(内外圈沟曲率半径系数、内圈转速、外载荷)条件下,滚动体与内外圈接触角和接触载荷的分布情况。最后,在拟静力学模型的基础上建立了引入元件误差(球直径偏差和波纹度)的拟静力学模型。基于所建立的模型,分析了球直径偏差大小、分布方式,球表面波纹度幅值与阶数及元件偏差叠加作用对轴承载荷分布的影响。本文所提出的轴承静力学模型、拟静力学模型以及考虑元件偏差的拟静力学模型为今后深入研究工况、拓扑几何及元件偏差参数对轴承疲劳寿命影响奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:The spindle of machine tool is one of the core parts of high speed precision machine tool, in which spindle bearing is the most important component of the spindle of machine tool, its type, structure and speed adaptability, rotation precision, rigidity, noise, power consumption, friction and temperature rise. Thermal deformation directly affects the working performance of machine tool spindle, so it is necessary to study its mechanical properties. In this paper, the angular contact ball bearings of high speed precision machine tools are studied. The static model, the quasi statics model of five degrees of freedom and the pseudostatics model considering the deviation of components are established. It provides a reliable numerical platform for the analysis of the dynamic performance of ball bearing and its influencing factors. Firstly, the static load distribution model of diagonal contact ball bearing is established by analyzing the displacement of ring and ball center. Based on the static model, the influence of external load and radius of curvature of inner and outer ring on contact angle and load distribution of bearing is analyzed systematically. Secondly, on the basis of statics model, the quasi-statics model considering centrifugal force and gyroscopic moment is established, and the contact angle and contact load distribution between the rolling body and the inner and outer ring under the pseudostatics model and statics model are compared and analyzed. Based on the pseudostatics model, the contact angle and the distribution of contact load between the rolling body and the outer ring are studied under different working conditions (the curvature radius coefficient of the inner ring, the rotation speed of the inner ring, and the external load). Finally, based on the quasi-statics model, a quasi-statics model with component error (spherical diameter deviation and corrugation) is established. Based on the established model, the influence of the diameter deviation, distribution mode, corrugation amplitude and order on the bearing load distribution is analyzed. The bearing statics model, pseudostatics model and pseudostatics model, which are proposed in this paper, have laid a foundation for further research on the effects of topological geometry and component deviation parameters on bearing fatigue life in the future.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG502.3

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