TC4钛合金电火花高效铣削加工效率研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 07:13

本文选题：机械制造工艺与设备 + 钛合金　；参考：《兵工学报》2015年11期

【摘要】：钛合金材料以其优异的机械性能在航空航天工业中得到了广泛的应用,目前钛合金切削性能差的问题一直没有得到妥善解决,制约了钛合金工业应用范围的推广。以TC4钛合金加工效率为研究对象,通过使用长脉宽大电流脉冲电源,采用电火花铣削加工的方法实现了钛合金的高效加工。利用设计的正交实验对电火花铣削加工钛合金过程中主要加工参数,分别为脉宽、脉间、峰值电流、电极转速、冲液压力和切削深度等对加工效果的影响进行了实验研究。通过加工参数优选、极差分析及显著性分析等方法对加工参数对加工效率的影响进行了分析,使用加工效率预测公式对加工所能达到的最大加工效率进行了预测。最终在正交实验分析的基础上,通过进一步进行实验,采用脉宽为2 000μs、脉间为100μs、峰值电流为635 A、电极转速为800 r/min、冲液压力为1.5 MPa和切削深度为3 mm时,使得电火花铣削加工钛合金的加工效率最高可以达到9 000 mm~3/min,并使用电子扫描电镜对钛合金被加工表面的受热影响层进行了检测分析,验证了使用电火花铣削对钛合金进行高效加工的可行性。与传统切削方法相比,电火花铣削加工的加工精度有限,表面质量较差,但是由于采用石墨材料作为电极,相同体积钛合金的去除其电极损耗的成本只有刀具加工的10%左右,因此非常适合应用于航天航空工业制造中大量存在的需要大体积材料去除的钛合金等难加工材料的粗加工。
[Abstract]:Titanium alloy materials have been widely used in aerospace industry because of their excellent mechanical properties. At present, the problem of poor cutting performance of titanium alloys has not been solved properly, which restricts the popularization of titanium alloy industry. Taking the machining efficiency of TC4 titanium alloy as the research object, the high efficiency machining of titanium alloy was realized by using the long pulse wide current pulse power supply and the method of EDM. The effects of main machining parameters, such as pulse width, peak current, electrode speed, pressure and depth of cutting, on the machining effect of titanium alloy during EDM were studied by orthogonal experiment. The influence of machining parameters on machining efficiency was analyzed by means of processing parameter optimization, range analysis and significance analysis, and the maximum machining efficiency was predicted by using the formula of machining efficiency prediction. Finally, on the basis of the orthogonal experiment, the pulse width is 2 000 渭 s, the interpulse is 100 渭 s, the peak current is 635 A, the rotating speed of the electrode is 800 r / min, the pressure is 1.5 MPa and the cutting depth is 3 mm. The machining efficiency of EDM is up to 9,000 mm / min, and the heat-affected layer on the machined surface of titanium alloy is examined and analyzed by electron scanning electron microscope (SEM). The feasibility of high efficiency machining of titanium alloy by EDM is verified. Compared with traditional cutting methods, EDM has limited machining precision and poor surface quality. However, because graphite is used as electrode, the cost of removing electrode loss of titanium alloy of the same volume is only about 10% of that of cutting tool. Therefore, it is very suitable for rough machining of difficult processing materials such as titanium alloys which need mass material removal in aerospace industry.
【作者单位】：哈尔滨工业大学机电工程学院;
【基金】：机械系统与振动国家重点实验室开放基金项目(MSZ-2013-09)
【分类号】：TG54;TG146.23

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