复合式镗铣加工中心综合空间误差建模与补偿的研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 03:21

本文选题：镗铣加工中心 + 综合空间误差模型　；参考：《沈阳理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代科技飞速发展的大环境下,机械加工制造技术也在不断的提升。如何实现高精度精密加工,已经成为我国现今机械制造业的重中之重。本文参与国家“十二五”规划的863项目,研究以复杂箱体类零件为加工对象的复合式镗铣加工中心的误差建模、误差分析与误差补偿的部分。建立精密复合式镗铣加工中心的空间误差模型,对其误差进行测量、分析和补偿,并开发误差分析系统,以提高复合式镗铣加工中心的加工精度,有效的改善了终端产品的质量。文主要针对以下四个方面的内容展开研究：(1)复合式镗铣加工中心总体布局的结构研究与误差分析考虑军用复杂箱体类零件的结构与精度需求,结合新型数控机床的结构特点,分析影响加工精度的主要误差来源,如导轨误差,工作台滑台误差,机床主轴回转误差,铣削横梁弯曲误差以及镗削滑枕弯曲误差等,引入综合误差的定义,为建立数学模型做基础。(2)复合式镗铣加工中心综合空间误差模型的建立通过多体系统的建模方法,建立专用复合式镗铣加工中心的拓扑结构,以及低序体阵列,并定义每一个典型体的笛卡尔坐标系,建立特征矩阵方程,最终分别建立立式铣削空间误差模型与卧式镗铣空间误差模型。(3)复合式镗铣加工中心关键部件的典型误差分析根据关键部件典型误差的分析与研究,针对三类变化较稳定的误差(数控转台沿X轴运动误差,铣削滑台沿Y2轴运动误差,镗削滑台沿Y3轴运动误差)采用激光干涉仪测量,利用九线法进行数据运算得到数控机床的具体误差值。(4)复合式镗铣加工中心的误差补偿与综合误差分析界面的开发通过立式铣削Z2轴横梁与卧式镗削Z3轴滑枕的误差分析,知其误差值随行程的改变而变化,单一的测量误差并预先补偿是无法提高加工精度的,因此采用有限元分析得出其误差与行程之间的函数关系。根据其行程位置实时补偿,并结合空间误差模型,开发复合式镗铣加工中心误差分析界面。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern science and technology, machining and manufacturing technology is constantly improving. How to achieve high-precision machining has become the most important part of China's machinery manufacturing industry. This paper takes part in the 863 project of the "12th Five-Year Plan", and studies the error modeling, error analysis and error compensation of the complex boring and milling machining center which takes the complicated box parts as the machining object. The spatial error model of precision compound boring and milling machining center is established, its error is measured, analyzed and compensated, and an error analysis system is developed to improve the machining accuracy of compound boring and milling machining center. Effectively improve the quality of the end product. This paper mainly focuses on the following four aspects: research on the structure and error analysis of the overall layout of the compound boring and milling machining center, considering the structure and precision requirements of the military complex box parts, and combining with the structural characteristics of the new NC machine tool, The main error sources affecting machining accuracy, such as guide rail error, table slide error, spindle rotation error of machine tool, bending error of milling beam and bending error of boring and sliding pillow, are analyzed, and the definition of comprehensive error is introduced. In order to establish the mathematical model, the synthetic spatial error model of the compound boring and milling machining center is established. The topological structure of the special compound boring and milling machining center and the low sequence body array are established by the modeling method of the multi-body system. The Cartesian coordinate system of each typical body is defined, and the eigenmatrix equation is established. Finally, the model of spatial error of vertical milling and the model of spatial error of horizontal boring and milling are established respectively. The typical error analysis of the key parts of the machining center of compound boring and milling is carried out according to the analysis and research of the typical errors of the key parts. Laser interferometer is used to measure three kinds of errors, which are the error of NC turntable moving along X axis, the error of milling slider moving along Y2 axis, and the error of boring slider moving along Y3 axis. The error compensation and Comprehensive error Analysis Interface of compound boring and Milling Machining Center is obtained by using nine-line method. The error analysis of vertical milling of Z2-axis beam and horizontal boring of Z3-axis sliding pillow is carried out. It is known that the error value varies with the stroke, and a single measurement error and pre-compensation can not improve the machining accuracy. Therefore, the finite element analysis is used to obtain the functional relationship between the error and the stroke. According to the real-time compensation of the travel position and the spatial error model, the error analysis interface of compound boring and milling machining center is developed.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG659

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