电液束加工法去除微小孔再铸层的装置及试验

发布时间：2018-05-24 06:10

本文选题：电解加工 + 电液束　；参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：电液束加工是利用喷射电解液作为“阴极化”的工具,冲击加工区域,使金属发生阳极溶解而被去除。电液束加工适合加工尺度在0.1 mm～1.0mm的微结构,并得到广泛应用。论文在总结了微小孔的加工方法、微小孔再铸层去除方法及电液束加工技术的基础上,建立了电液束加工去除微小孔再铸层的装置,分析了电液束加工去除微小孔再铸层时,其加工区域的流场和电场分布特性,开展了各加工参数对去除3J21合金、GH4169高温合金的微小孔再铸层的影响规律试验,主要工作内容如下：基于三轴数控平台搭建了电液束加工微小孔再铸层的试验装置,主要设计了供液过滤循环系统、喷射系统、保压夹具装置及对刀装置。设计辅助对刀电极的干对刀装置,以保证电液束加工去除微小孔试验具有较高的对刀精度。运用仿真软件对电液束加工的喷嘴射流的特性进行了分析,研究了不同长径比结构喷嘴的轴线上射流的速度情况,优化设计合理的喷嘴结构；对加工区域的流场分布进行仿真,并分析电液束加工区域的电场分布特性,优化选择合适的加工条件。通过电液束加工去除微小孔再铸层试验,重点研究了喷嘴口径、加工电压、电解液压力、加工间隙和电解液组分对再铸层去除的影响规律,通过试验分析,加工3J21合金时较优的加工工艺参数为：加工电压为300 V左右,电解液压力为0.3 MPa,加工间隙为0mm。开展了高温合金GH4169电火花加工微小孔再铸层的去除试验,得到较优加工工艺参数为：加工电压为200V左右,电解液压力为0.4MPa,加工间隙为0mm。分析了电火花再铸层去除后的孔壁质量,结果显示,通过电液束加工去除微小孔再铸层,可明显去除微小孔内的再铸层,并提高其表面质量。上述研究证明,采用电液束加工法去除微小孔再铸层具有可行性。
[Abstract]:Electro-hydraulic beam machining (EHM) is a tool of "cathotization" by jet electrolyte, which impinges the processing area and causes the metal to dissolve and be removed. Electro-hydraulic beam machining is suitable for machining microstructures of 0. 1 mm~1.0mm and is widely used. On the basis of summarizing the machining method of micro-hole, the removal method of micro-hole re-casting layer and the technology of electro-hydraulic beam machining, a device for removing micro-hole re-casting layer by electro-hydraulic beam machining is established, and the removal of micro-hole re-casting layer by electro-hydraulic beam machining is analyzed. The characteristics of flow field and electric field distribution in the machining area were studied. The effect of various processing parameters on the micropore recasting layer of 3J21 alloy GGH4169 superalloy was studied. The main work is as follows: based on the three-axis numerical control platform, the test device of electro-hydraulic beam machining micro-hole recasting layer is built, and the liquid supply filter circulation system, jet system, pressure holding fixture and cutter adjusting device are designed. In order to ensure the high precision of machining and removing tiny holes by electro-hydraulic beam, a dry tool alignment device with auxiliary tool electrode was designed. The characteristics of nozzle jet produced by electro hydraulic beam are analyzed by using simulation software. The velocity of jet on the axis of nozzle with different aspect ratio is studied, the reasonable nozzle structure is optimized and the flow field distribution in machining area is simulated. The electric field distribution in the electrohydraulic beam machining area is analyzed, and the suitable processing conditions are optimized. The influence of nozzle diameter, machining voltage, electrolyte pressure, machining gap and electrolyte composition on the removal of recast layer was studied by electrohydraulic beam machining. The optimum processing parameters of 3J21 alloy are as follows: the processing voltage is about 300V, the electrolyte pressure is 0.3 MPA, and the machining gap is 0 mm. The removal test of micro-hole recast layer in GH4169 EDM of superalloy was carried out. The optimum processing parameters were obtained as follows: the processing voltage is about 200V, the electrolyte pressure is 0.4MPa, and the machining gap is 0mmm. The quality of the hole wall after the removal of the EDM layer is analyzed. The results show that the surface quality of the recast layer in the micro-hole can be obviously removed and the surface quality can be improved by the removal of the micro-hole re-cast layer by electro-hydraulic beam machining. The above research proves that it is feasible to remove the recast layer of tiny hole by electrohydraulic beam processing.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG662

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