纵横比可调的纳米金棒的制备研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 09:50

本文选题：晶种合成 + 纳米金棒　；参考：《华东师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：纳米材料具有量子尺寸效应、表面效应、小尺寸效应等多种特殊性能,因而在材料制备领域受到广泛关注。金材料包括纳米微球、纳米棒、纳米片以及纳米立方体等多种形貌。其中纳米金棒能从横向、纵向两个方向上吸收和散射入射光,形成横向表面等离子共振峰(TSP)和纵向表面等离子共振峰(LSP)。随着纳米金棒的纵横比发生变化,纵向等离子共振峰会产生移动,该特性使其在化学、生物、医药等领域具有广泛应用前景。本文对传统晶种合成法进行改良,制备纵横比可调的纳米金棒,同时探讨不同因素对纳米金棒形貌、尺寸等的影响。本文以晶种合成法为基础,主要研究内容包括以下几点：1.采用单种表面活性剂法,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为表面活性剂,成功制备了LSP从600 nm至800 nm可调的纳米金棒。探讨反应中加入的CTAB质量、晶种溶液体积、硝酸银(AgNO3)溶液体积等对纳米金棒纵横比的影响。同时通过实验微调,制备出特定尺寸的纳米金短棒(纵横比小于4)。2.采用双重表面活性剂法,以CTAB和油酸钠(NaOL)作双重表面活性剂,成功制备了LSP从800 nm至1200 nm可调的纳米金棒。同时探讨反应中加入的CTAB质量、NaOL质量、晶种溶液体积、AgNO3溶液体积等对纳米金棒纵横比的影响。发现双重表面活性剂制备的纳米金棒尺寸均一,产率高。通过制备工艺改进,制备出特定尺寸,纵横比大于4的纳米金长棒。3.采用微波合成法,以CTAB作表面活性剂,以微波合成器为热源,成功制备了纵横比可调的纳米金棒。此方法与传统晶种合成法相比,通过微波加热加速了金棒合成,减少了反应时间。同时本文探讨了反应中CTAB质量、晶种溶液体积、AgNO3溶液体积以及加热温度对纳米金棒纵横比的影响。
[Abstract]:Nanomaterials have many special properties, such as quantum size effect, surface effect, small size effect and so on. Gold materials include nanospheres, nanorods, nanochips and nanocubes. The nanocrystalline gold rods can absorb and scatter incident light in both transverse and longitudinal directions to form transverse surface plasmon resonance (TSPs) and longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (LSPs). With the change of aspect ratio of nanocrystalline gold rod, the longitudinal plasmon resonance summit is moving, which makes it widely used in chemistry, biology, medicine and other fields. In this paper, the traditional seed synthesis method is improved to prepare nanocrystalline gold rods with adjustable aspect ratio, and the effects of different factors on the morphology and size of nanocrystalline gold rods are discussed. This paper is based on the method of seed synthesis. The main research contents include the following points: 1. 1. Using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as surfactant, the gold nanorods with LSP tunable from 600nm to 800nm were successfully prepared by a single surfactant method. The effects of the mass of CTAB, the volume of seed solution and the volume of silver nitrate Agno _ 3 solution on the aspect ratio of gold nanorods were investigated. At the same time, the nanocrystalline gold short rod with specific size (aspect ratio less than 4? 2) was prepared by experimental fine-tuning. The gold nanorods with adjustable LSP ranging from 800nm to 1200 nm were prepared by double surfactant method using CTAB and sodium oleate as double surfactants. At the same time, the effects of CTAB mass, seed solution volume and Agno _ 3 solution volume on the aspect ratio of gold nanorods were discussed. It was found that the gold nanorods prepared by double surfactants were uniform in size and high in yield. The gold nanorods with specific size and aspect ratio greater than 4 were prepared by improving the preparation process. Nanocrystalline gold rods with adjustable aspect ratio were successfully prepared by microwave synthesis with CTAB as surfactant and microwave synthesizer as heat source. Compared with the traditional seed synthesis method, this method accelerates the synthesis of gold rod by microwave heating and reduces the reaction time. At the same time, the effects of CTAB mass, seed solution volume, Agno _ 3 solution volume and heating temperature on the aspect ratio of gold nanorods were discussed.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG146.31;TB383.1

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