基于光纤光栅传感的主轴轴承温度场监测方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 22:48

本文选题：主轴轴承温度场 + 光纤光栅温度传感器　；参考：《武汉理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：热误差是影响机床加工精度的重要因素之一。主轴轴承温度场变化与主轴热误差直接相关,通过监测主轴轴承温度场分析引起主轴热误差的因素,进而完成对主轴加工误差的补偿。目前很多方法都应用在主轴轴承的温度场测量上,然而传统方法大多数都是基于电类传感器,这些传统测量方法仍然存在着诸多缺点,如布线复杂、易受电磁干扰、稳定性较差,难以实现分布式监测等;另一方面,光纤光栅作为一种新型温度传感器,除了具有普通传感器的优点外,还具有体积小、不受电磁干扰、耐腐蚀、稳定性好,能够在一根光纤中串接多个不同波长的光栅进行分布式测量等特点,因此光纤光栅温度传感器非常适用于主轴轴承温度场的测量。在这种背景下本文提出将光纤光栅传感技术应用于主轴轴承温度场的监测中。本文介绍了目前主轴轴承温度场测量的研究现状和光纤光栅温度测量的研究现状;对复杂的主轴轴承系统进行了描述,并指出轴承温度分布随着切削力、转速的变化而变化,需要一种能够实现分布式测量的温度传感器对轴承进行实时监测;另外,介绍了光纤光栅温度感知原理以及光纤光栅主轴轴承温度场的监测方法,并对光纤光栅温度传感器进行了实验研究,实验结果表明光纤光栅温度传感器具有良好的线性度以及测温灵敏度,能够准确稳定地监测主轴轴承的温度场分布;分析了影响主轴轴承温度场变化的因素,运用ANSYS有限元分析软件对主轴轴承温度场进行了仿真分析,得到了不同工况下的主轴轴承温度场分布规律,为主轴轴承温度场测量提供了依据;随后针对主轴轴承设计并搭建了温度场监测系统,分别测量了主轴轴承在不同径向负载、不同轴向负载、不同转速下的温度场,通过实验验证了光纤光栅温度传感器能够准确而稳定地测量主轴轴承温度场;最后对本文的研究成果以及问题进行了总结和展望。
[Abstract]:Thermal error is one of the important factors that affect the machining accuracy of machine tools. The variation of temperature field of spindle bearing is directly related to the thermal error of spindle. By monitoring the analysis of temperature field of spindle bearing, the factors causing the thermal error of spindle are analyzed, and the compensation of machining error of spindle is completed. At present, many methods are used to measure the temperature field of spindle bearings. However, most of the traditional methods are based on electrical sensors. These traditional methods still have many disadvantages, such as complex wiring and easy electromagnetic interference. On the other hand, as a new type of temperature sensor, fiber Bragg grating (FBG), as a new temperature sensor, not only has the advantages of ordinary sensors, but also has the advantages of small size, no electromagnetic interference, good corrosion resistance and good stability. The fiber grating temperature sensor is suitable for measuring the temperature field of spindle bearing because it can be used to measure the temperature field of spindle bearing in series with several different wavelength gratings in a single fiber. In this context, fiber Bragg grating sensing technology is applied to the temperature field monitoring of spindle bearings. This paper introduces the present research status of temperature field measurement of spindle bearing and the research status of fiber grating temperature measurement, describes the complex spindle bearing system, and points out that the temperature distribution of bearing changes with the change of cutting force and rotational speed. A kind of temperature sensor which can realize distributed measurement is needed to monitor the bearing in real time. In addition, the principle of fiber grating temperature sensing and the method of monitoring the temperature field of fiber Bragg grating spindle bearing are introduced. The experimental results show that the FBG temperature sensor has good linearity and temperature sensitivity, and can accurately and stably monitor the temperature field distribution of the spindle bearing. The factors influencing the temperature field of the spindle bearing are analyzed. The temperature field of the spindle bearing is simulated and analyzed by using the ANSYS finite element analysis software, and the distribution law of the temperature field of the spindle bearing under different working conditions is obtained. Then the temperature field monitoring system is designed and built for spindle bearing. The temperature field of spindle bearing under different radial load, different axial load and different rotational speed is measured respectively. The experimental results show that the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor can accurately and stably measure the temperature field of the spindle bearing. Finally, the research results and problems of this paper are summarized and prospected.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG502.3

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