基于交变电磁场技术的钢板表面缺陷检测方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 01:29

本文选题：交变电磁场测量技术 + U形线圈激励　；参考：《沈阳工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前，我国的石油开发的范围已经迈向海底资源，我国在沿海的海上石油勘探平台数量不断增加。这些平台每年都要进行例行的安全隐患检测，一般情况下，需要检测的均为海下钢架、管道等。普通的检测方法已经不能满足检测需要，随着交变电磁场检测技术的出现，这种技术已经被大面积应用在海底检测，但是国外检测经费昂贵，不利于这种技术的大力发展，因此研究交变电磁场检测技术的理论，推动国内交变电磁场技术的发展非常有必要。本文研究了不同的电磁类无损检测技术以及交变磁场检测技术的国内外现状，推导了各种检测技术的基本概念与原理。在分析了交变磁场测量技术特点的基础上，对交变电磁场检测原理进行了根本性的探讨，提出了基于U型线圈激励的交变电磁场检测平台的总体方案，设计了矩形线圈探头激励。在此基础上,使用comsol软件进行激励部分与检测部分的仿真分析，对于其不同的检测条件进行对比分析。设计了激励信号发生电路，磁芯，传感器，后信号处理电路。用Altium Desinger软件设计了信号调理电路，采用Labview界面编程技术完成了测试软件的编制，用复合的二阶滤波电路实现有效的消除噪声，得出多组不同数据对检测结果进行对比分析。结合交变磁场技术理论模型，，通过独特的检测方式，结合传感器，信号处理电路，数据采集软件，构建了交变电磁场检测平台，对钢板裂纹进行了试验，得出电压峰值变化规律，经过多组测试数据的对比分析，得出钢板裂纹的长度与深度的特性关系。本文用设计完成的平台进行了多组实验，测量的数据与理论分析基本相符，证明了交变磁场测量方法测量钢板表面裂纹的可行性与有效性。
[Abstract]:At present, the scope of petroleum exploitation in China has moved towards seabed resources, and the number of offshore oil exploration platforms in China has been increasing. These platforms carry out routine hidden safety detection every year. Generally, all the platforms need to be tested, such as steel frames, pipelines and so on. With the emergence of alternating electromagnetic field detection technology, this technology has been widely used in seabed detection, but the cost of detection abroad is expensive, which is not conducive to the development of this technology. Therefore, it is necessary to study the theory of alternating electromagnetic field detection technology and promote the development of alternating electromagnetic field technology in China. In this paper, the current situation of different electromagnetic nondestructive testing techniques and alternating magnetic field testing techniques at home and abroad has been studied, and the basic concepts and principles of various detection techniques have been deduced. On the basis of analyzing the technical characteristics of alternating magnetic field measurement, the principle of alternating electromagnetic field detection is discussed, and the overall scheme of alternating electromagnetic field detection platform based on U-coil excitation is put forward. The rectangular coil probe excitation is designed. On this basis, comsol software is used to simulate the excitation part and the detection part, and the different detection conditions are compared and analyzed. The exciting signal generating circuit, magnetic core, sensor and post signal processing circuit are designed. The signal conditioning circuit is designed with Altium Desinger software, the test software is programmed by Labview interface programming technology, the noise is effectively eliminated by using compound second-order filter circuit, and the detection results are compared and analyzed with many different groups of data. Combined with the theory model of alternating magnetic field technology, through the unique detection method, the sensor, the signal processing circuit and the data acquisition software, an alternating electromagnetic field detection platform was constructed, and the crack of steel plate was tested. The law of peak voltage variation is obtained and the characteristic relationship between length and depth of crack in steel plate is obtained by comparison and analysis of multiple test data. In this paper, many experiments have been carried out on the platform designed and completed, and the measured data are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis, which proves the feasibility and validity of the alternating magnetic field measurement method for measuring the surface cracks of steel plate.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG115.28

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