面向加工中心的机械加工工艺过程节能优化方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 23:03

本文选题：加工中心 + 节能优化方法　；参考：《武汉科技大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：制造业是国民经济的支柱产业,机床作为制造业的生产“母机”,其节能运行研究是国家实施节能减排战略的需要,也是制造业实现可持续发展的重要途径。加工中心作为机床系统的重要组成部分,广泛应用于航空、航天、汽车制造等高精密工业生产领域,其生产性能和拥有量已成为当今衡量一个国家科技发展水平与综合国力的重要标志,是国家工业发展的基础与支撑。相比于普通数控机床,加工中心能耗特性复杂,有效能量利用率低,节能潜力巨大,提高其能量利用率对于机床系统整体能效水平的提升至关重要。基于此,本课题依托国家自然科学基金资助项目“基于工件能耗属性的制造系统能效提升方法研究”(编号:51275365)与国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目“典型机床绿色生产工艺技术评估及应用支持系统研究”(编号:2014AA041504)对数控加工中心机械加工工艺过程的节能优化方法进行了研究。主要工作如下:首先,对加工中心机械加工系统的运行特点与能量流动特性进行分析,确定加工中心的能量流组成,在此基础上建立加工中心机械加工过程的能耗量化公式,并对各能耗系统的功率平衡方程进行分析研究,搭建加工中心机械加工系统的总能耗模型,为后续节能优化方法的研究奠定理论基础。其次,对加工中心切削加工过程的切削用量优化方法进行研究,确定优化变量,搭加工中心切削加工过程的成本函数和能耗函数,综合考虑生产机床、加工刀具等约束条件,建立加工中心切削加工参数的节能优化模型,采用加权法将多目标函数转化成单目标,并基于自适应粒子群算法对目标函数寻优求解,为加工中心实施工艺参数的节能优化提供支持。再次,对加工中心切削加工过程的工艺路线优化问题进行分析,提出了工步元的概念用于描述待加工零件的特征;在充分考虑工步元之间的优先约束关系的条件下,构建加工中心工步排序问题的节能优化模型;提出了一种基于约束分析的工步链智能生成算法与遗传算法相结合的混合式算法用于求解建立的优化模型,为加工中心实施工艺路线的节能优化提供支持。最后,分别以平面铣削工艺和乳化液泵箱体的加工过程为例,在TH6350卧式加工中心上,对论文提出的工艺参数和工艺路线优化方法进行了应用分析,验证了论文所提优化方法的有效性与可行性。
[Abstract]:The manufacturing industry is the pillar industry of the national economy. As the "mother machine" of the manufacturing industry, the research on the energy-saving operation of the machine tool is the need of the country to implement the strategy of energy saving and emission reduction, and it is also an important way for the manufacturing industry to realize the sustainable development. As an important part of machine tool system, machining center is widely used in the fields of high precision industrial production, such as aviation, aerospace, automobile manufacturing, etc. Its production performance and ownership have become an important symbol to measure the level of scientific and technological development and comprehensive national strength of a country. It is also the foundation and support of national industrial development. Compared with conventional NC machine tools, the energy consumption characteristics of machining centers are complex, the effective energy utilization ratio is low, and the energy saving potential is huge. It is very important to improve the overall energy efficiency level of the machine tool system. Based on this, Based on the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the project "Research on Energy efficiency Promotion method of Manufacturing system based on Energy consumption attribute of workpiece" (No. 51275365) and National High Technology Research and Development Program "typical Green Machine tool production worker" A study on the Technology Evaluation and Application support system "(No.: 2014AA041504) was carried out to study the energy-saving optimization method of the machining process in the NC machining center. The main work is as follows: firstly, the operating characteristics and energy flow characteristics of machining center machining system are analyzed, and the energy flow composition of machining center is determined. On this basis, the energy consumption quantification formula of machining center machining process is established. The power balance equation of each energy consumption system is analyzed and studied, and the total energy consumption model of machining center machining system is set up, which lays a theoretical foundation for the further study of energy saving optimization method. Secondly, the optimization method of cutting parameters in machining center cutting process is studied, and the optimization variables are determined, the cost function and energy consumption function of machining center machining process are determined, and the constraint conditions such as production machine tool, machining tool and so on are considered synthetically. The energy-saving optimization model of machining parameters in machining center is established. The multi-objective function is transformed into a single objective by weighted method, and the objective function is solved by adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm. Provide support for energy saving optimization of process parameters in machining center. Thirdly, the optimization problem of machining process in machining center is analyzed, and the concept of step element is put forward to describe the characteristics of parts to be processed. The energy saving optimization model of processing center step scheduling problem is constructed, and a hybrid algorithm based on constraint analysis is proposed to solve the optimization model, which combines the intelligent generation algorithm of step chain and genetic algorithm. Provide support for energy saving optimization of process route in machining center. Finally, taking the machining process of plane milling process and emulsion pump box as examples, the application analysis of the process parameters and process route optimization methods proposed in the paper is carried out on the TH6350 horizontal machining center. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed optimization method are verified.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG659

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