油箱底壳充液拉深关键工艺参数研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 08:22

本文选题：充液拉深 + 数值模拟　；参考：《长春工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着汽车工业的快速发展,汽车覆盖件的形状越来越多样化,精密成形使得企业对汽车覆盖件的成形精度要求越来越高,传统的冲压工艺已经难以满足市场需求,急需一种先进的板料成形工艺来适应多样化的生产。充液拉深作为一种软膜成形技术,成形工序精简,制件质量成形精度高,模具研发成本低,研发周期短,对于复杂零件和拉深比较大的零件具有独特的优势。然而由于各种客观条件的影响,汽车覆盖件领域的充液成形技术在我国并未得到充分的应用与发展,文章以油箱底壳为主要研究对象探究其充液成形过程中关键工艺参数对成形的影响。针对油箱底壳的形状特点利用数值模拟软件Dynaform对三维软件建立的数模进行工艺补充面和压料面设计,建立合理的模具模型。利用普通冲压拉深成形的方法确定成形过程中合理的拉延筋布置方法。在普通拉深确定的工艺参数基础上,采用定间隙的压边方式确定合适的液室压力加载路径,分析不同的液室压力加载对油箱底壳成形质量的影响,确定最合理的液室压力加载方式。利用压边力压边的方法,探讨液室压力加载路径与压边力加载之间的匹配关系。为了得出压边间隙的作用,在充液拉深条件下,选取不同的压边间隙进行进一步分析。以零件的厚度分布图、减薄率、成形极限图等评价指标对分段等效拉延筋的普通拉深、在液室压力加载曲线四下压边间隙为1.32mm的充液拉深、在液室压力加载曲线四下变压边力模拟的充液拉深进行对比研究,最终得出在合理的液室压力加载条件下定间隙的充液拉深工艺具有特有的优势,零件的成性缺陷得到有效的消除,可以有效的减小零件的减薄和提升零件的均匀性,得出高精度的制件。最后对拉延筋的布置进行进一步研究,利用普通拉深确定的工艺参数设置真实拉延筋进行模拟,提升模拟的真实性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of automobile industry, the shape of automobile panels is becoming more and more diversified. Precision forming makes the precision of automobile panels more and more high. The traditional stamping technology has been difficult to meet the needs of the market. An advanced sheet metal forming process is urgently needed to adapt to diversified production. As a kind of soft film forming technology, liquid-filled drawing has advantages of simple forming procedure, high forming precision, low cost of die research and development, short R & D cycle, and has unique advantages for complex parts and parts with large drawing depth. However, due to the influence of various objective conditions, the liquid-filled forming technology in the field of automobile panels has not been fully applied and developed in China. In this paper, the main research object is the bottom shell of oil tank. According to the shape characteristics of the bottom shell of the oil tank, the numerical simulation software Dynaform is used to design the process supplement surface and the pressing surface of the digital model established by the three-dimensional software, and a reasonable die model is established. The reasonable arrangement method of drawing bars in forming process is determined by the common drawing forming method. On the basis of the process parameters determined by ordinary drawing, the proper pressure loading path of the tank is determined by the blank holder with fixed clearance, and the influence of different pressure loading on the forming quality of the bottom shell of the oil tank is analyzed. Determine the most reasonable pressure loading method for the chamber. The matching relationship between the pressure loading path of liquid chamber and the load of blank holder force is discussed by using the method of edge holder force. In order to obtain the effect of blank holder clearance, different blank holder clearance is selected for further analysis under the condition of liquid-filled drawing. Based on the thickness distribution diagram, thinning rate, forming limit diagram and other evaluation indexes, the ordinary drawing of the segment equivalent drawing bar is made, and the blank blanking clearance is 1.32mm 's liquid filled drawing under the pressure loading curve of the liquid chamber. Under the pressure loading curve of the liquid chamber, the liquid filling drawing simulated by the variable blank holding force is compared and studied. Finally, it is concluded that under the reasonable pressure loading condition of the liquid chamber, the liquid filling drawing process with fixed gap has its own advantages. The effective elimination of the forming defects of the parts can effectively reduce the thinning of the parts and enhance the uniformity of the parts, and get the high precision parts. Finally, the layout of drawing tendons is further studied, and the real drawing bars are set up with the process parameters determined by ordinary drawing to improve the authenticity of the simulation.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG386;U466

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