高温酸化缓蚀剂的合成与性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 13:42

  本文选题：N80钢 + 双季铵盐　； 参考：《中国石油大学(华东)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：油藏改造领域现今使用的大部分高温酸化缓蚀剂存在溶解性差、易结焦等缺点,而且常用的复合型高温酸化缓蚀剂主要是炔醇类缓蚀剂,炔醇类物质虽然大大提高了产品的抗腐蚀性能,但具有价格昂贵,剧毒等缺点。所以研究具有溶解性好、吸附中心较多、毒性小等优点的缓蚀剂具有非常广阔的应用前景。双季铵盐因具有以上优点而成为近年来防腐领域的研究热点。本文以喹啉、吡啶、α-甲基吡啶为原料,分别与双卤代烃1,4-二溴丁烷、1,6-二溴己烷以及1,8-二溴辛烷经季铵化反应制得九种对称型双季铵盐。利用核磁共振谱、红外光谱等测试方法对其分子结构进行表征。并采用静态腐蚀实验对所制备的九种产品在15%HCl溶液中对N80钢的缓蚀能力进行测试。实验结果显示,喹啉系列的双季铵盐产品缓蚀性能明显优于吡啶系列及α-甲基吡啶系列产品。且对于同一系列产品而言,随疏水链长度的增加,缓蚀剂对钢片的保护作用逐步增强。溴化1,8-二喹啉辛烷的缓蚀效果最佳。为进一步提高缓蚀性能,选取溴化1,8-二喹啉辛烷(Q-8-Q)与肉桂醛(CA)进行复配。由复配优化试验得出最佳复配比从而制备了复配缓蚀剂QC-8。通过常压静态腐蚀实验、电化学测试、表面形貌分析等手段评价了QC-8在15%HCl中对N80钢片的缓蚀性能。同时考察了QC-8浓度及腐蚀温度等因素对缓蚀性能的影响。电化学测试表明,复配缓蚀剂QC-8是一种以抑制阴极反应为主的混合型缓蚀剂,能够在金属表面吸附形成稳定的保护膜来减缓腐蚀反应。复配缓蚀剂QC-8浓度为5×10-3M时,在90℃、15%HCl中浸泡4 h后,对N80钢的缓蚀率能够达到99.5%,说明QC-8在酸性介质中对金属具有优良的缓蚀性能。羟基是有效的吸附中心,对缓蚀剂的缓蚀能力具有很好的促进作用。本文主要合成了三种含羟基双季铵盐:氯化1,3-二吡啶丙醇、氯化1,3-二(α-甲基吡啶)丙醇、氯化1,3-二喹啉丙醇,并用红外和核磁共振分析方法对其结构进行表征。考察了各因素对缓蚀能力的影响。实验证明羟基的存在很大程度上提高了缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能。所制备的含羟基双季铵盐属于混合型的有机缓蚀剂,通过在金属表面吸附生成的保护膜来减缓腐蚀反应。且在金属表面的吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附模型,包括物理吸附和化学吸附两种类型。
[Abstract]:Most of the high temperature acidizing inhibitors used in the field of reservoir reconstruction have the disadvantages of poor solubility and easy coking, and the common complex high temperature acidizing inhibitors are mainly acetylene alcohols. Although alkynyl alcohols greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the products, they have the disadvantages of high price and high toxicity. Therefore, the study of corrosion inhibitors with good solubility, more adsorption centers, less toxicity and other advantages has a very broad application prospects. Bisquaternary ammonium salt has become a research hotspot in the field of anticorrosion in recent years because of its advantages. Nine symmetrical bis-quaternary ammonium salts were prepared by quaternary ammonium reaction of quinoline, pyridine and 伪 -methylpyridine with dihalogenated hydrocarbon (1) 4-dibromobutane (1), dibromohexane (1), and dibromooctane (1) by quaternization. The molecular structure was characterized by NMR and IR spectra. The corrosion inhibition ability of N80 steel in 15HCl solution was tested by static corrosion test. The results show that the corrosion inhibition performance of quaternary ammonium salt of quinoline series is better than that of pyridine series and 伪 -methylpyridine series. For the same series of products, with the increase of hydrophobic chain length, the protective effect of corrosion inhibitor on steel sheet is gradually enhanced. The best corrosion inhibition effect was obtained with 1 + 8-diquinoline octane bromide. In order to further improve the corrosion inhibition performance, a mixture of 1 ~ (8) -diquinoline-octane bromide (Q-8-Q) and cinnamaldehyde (CA) was selected. The optimum ratio of complex corrosion inhibitor QC-8 was obtained from the optimization test. The corrosion inhibition of QC-8 on N80 steel sheet in 15HCl was evaluated by static corrosion test, electrochemical test and surface morphology analysis. The effects of QC-8 concentration and corrosion temperature on the corrosion inhibition were also investigated. Electrochemical tests show that the complex inhibitor QC-8 is a mixed corrosion inhibitor which mainly inhibits cathodic reaction and can form a stable protective film on the metal surface to slow down the corrosion reaction. When the concentration of complex inhibitor QC-8 is 5 脳 10 ~ (-3) M, after immersion in HCl at 90 鈩，

本文编号：2066160