齿圈车削加工系统颤振稳定性研究

发布时间：2018-07-09 11:36

本文选题：弱刚度件 + 切削力仿真　；参考：《北京理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：切削颤振几乎存在于所有的金属切削过程中,是提高切削效率所面临的主要障碍。本文以典型高精度弱刚度件齿圈为研究对象,针对金属切削中的加工颤振进行研究,研究机床车削加工工艺系统振动特性对齿圈加工稳定性的影响。主要研究内容包括以下几个方面：首先,利用有限元仿真软件ABAQUS对20Cr2Ni4A材料齿圈进行三维切削过程仿真,考虑切削过程热力耦合的作用以使仿真真实可靠,得到了切削系统三个方向的切削力,并通过计算获得工件径向材料单位面积切削力系数,为建立瞬时切削力奠定了基础。其次,通过锤击试验,采用单点激励法和正交多项式整体拟合方法获得刀具-机床系统和工件-机床系统的模态参数包括一阶固有频率、等效刚度和阻尼比。第三,分析加工颤振产生机理并对齿圈进行切削稳定性分析,建立了工件系统和刀具系统的二自由度二阶线性微分方程,并在频域内对方程进行求解得到主轴转速和切削宽度之间的关系,利用Matlab软件绘制了切削稳定性极限图。最后,依据切削稳定性极限图选取齿圈加工参数,并进行车削试验,验证了所建立模型的正确性,展现了齿圈切削的稳定切削参数选择的范围。
[Abstract]:Cutting chatter, which exists in almost all metal cutting processes, is the main obstacle to improve cutting efficiency. In this paper, the machining chatter in metal cutting is studied, and the influence of vibration characteristics of machining technology system on the stability of gear ring machining is studied. The main research contents include the following aspects: firstly, the 3D cutting process of 20Cr2Ni4A material gear ring is simulated by finite element simulation software Abaqus, considering the effect of thermal coupling of cutting process to make the simulation true and reliable. The cutting force in three directions of the cutting system is obtained, and the cutting force coefficient per unit area of the radial material of the workpiece is obtained by calculation, which lays a foundation for the establishment of the instantaneous cutting force. Secondly, by hammering test, the modal parameters of the cutter-machine tool system and workpiece machine tool system including the first-order natural frequency, the equivalent stiffness and the damping ratio are obtained by using the single-point excitation method and the orthogonal polynomial integral fitting method. Thirdly, the mechanism of machining chatter is analyzed and the cutting stability of gear ring is analyzed. The two-degree-of-freedom linear differential equation of workpiece system and cutting tool system is established. The relationship between spindle speed and cutting width is obtained by solving the equation in frequency domain. The cutting stability limit diagram is drawn by Matlab software. Finally, the machining parameters of gear ring are selected according to the cutting stability limit diagram, and the turning test is carried out, which verifies the correctness of the established model and shows the range of the selection of the stable cutting parameters of gear ring cutting.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG51

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