熔盐电解制备Al-Sm中间合金及Sm在镁合金中的应用研究
发布时间:2018-08-03 14:30
【摘要】:21世纪是一个高标准的材料时代,趋向于研发性能卓越、材质优异,成本低廉以及符合环保要求的新材料,镁合金在其中具有举足轻重的作用。镁合金的一系列优越的性能特点(质轻、导热性好、高比刚度、高比强度等),使得其成为炙手可热的多领域的热门材料。然而,镁合金也有一些棘手的问题亟待解决。镁合金活泼的化学性质使其极易被氧化,并且氧化生成的氧化膜疏松多孔,进而加剧了合金的腐蚀速率,严重的阻碍了镁合金在工业上的深入发展与应用。如何有效的解决这一难题,已经上升为镁合金领域的一个热点与难点问题。稀土金属的化学活性很高,且RE的熔点(900℃)与铝合金的熔点(660℃)相差很大,这样高熔点就会导致稀土易烧损。如果在铝液中直接加入稀土金属,也会导致稀土金属的严重烧损,浪费材料,增加成本,且稀土偏析严重,因此为了保证稀土元素能充分发挥作用,通常条件下,以稀土中间合金的形式加入。本文的主要内容如下:(1)采用活性阴极合金化法中的液态阴极电解法制备Al-Sm中间合金。在不同的温度,不同LiF浓度,不同阴极电流密度下,在SmF3-LiF-Sm2O3熔盐体系中加Al棒(铝棒作为液态阴极),电解30min来制备Al-Sm中间合金,并研究了影响电流效率的因素;对Al-Sm合金进行ICP、XRD、SEM、EDS分析;(2)Sm对AZ91D合金的改性作用。Sm的含量分别为0.1%、0.4%、0.7%、1.0%。采用的分析方法有OM观察、XRD分析、SEM及EDS分析;采用的实验方法有失重腐蚀实验、动电位极化曲线。主要考察Sm对合金的耐腐蚀性能的影响。(3)制备方法(真空熔炼和普通熔炼)对AZ91D+1.0%Sm合金的改性作用。Sm的加入量统一为1.0%。采用的分析方法有OM观察、XRD分析、SEM及EDS分析;采用的实验方法有失重腐蚀实验、动电位极化曲线。主要考察Sm对合金的耐腐蚀性能的影响。(4)单一稀土元素Sm和复合稀土元素La、Ce、Sm对AZ91的改性作用。Sm的加入量为3.0%,La的加入量为1.0%,Ce的加入量为0.7%。采用的分析方法有OM观察、XRD分析、SEM及EDS分析;采用的实验方法有失重腐蚀实验、动电位极化曲线。主要考察单一稀土元素Sm和复合稀土元素La、Ce、Sm对合金的耐腐蚀性能的影响。
[Abstract]:The 21st century is a high standard material era, which tends to develop new materials with excellent performance, excellent material quality, low cost and environmental protection. Magnesium alloy plays an important role in it. Magnesium alloys have a series of excellent properties (light weight, good thermal conductivity, high specific stiffness, high specific strength, etc.), which make them become hot and popular materials in many fields. However, magnesium alloys also have some thorny problems to be solved. The active chemical properties of magnesium alloy make it easy to be oxidized, and the oxidizing film is porous and porous, which exacerbates the corrosion rate of magnesium alloy and seriously hinders the further development and application of magnesium alloy in industry. How to solve this problem effectively has become a hot and difficult problem in magnesium alloy field. The chemical activity of rare earth metals is very high, and the melting point of RE (900 鈩,
本文编号:2162044
[Abstract]:The 21st century is a high standard material era, which tends to develop new materials with excellent performance, excellent material quality, low cost and environmental protection. Magnesium alloy plays an important role in it. Magnesium alloys have a series of excellent properties (light weight, good thermal conductivity, high specific stiffness, high specific strength, etc.), which make them become hot and popular materials in many fields. However, magnesium alloys also have some thorny problems to be solved. The active chemical properties of magnesium alloy make it easy to be oxidized, and the oxidizing film is porous and porous, which exacerbates the corrosion rate of magnesium alloy and seriously hinders the further development and application of magnesium alloy in industry. How to solve this problem effectively has become a hot and difficult problem in magnesium alloy field. The chemical activity of rare earth metals is very high, and the melting point of RE (900 鈩,
本文编号:2162044
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