空间变姿态激光堆积变径回转体成形技术研究

发布时间：2018-08-08 14:16

【摘要】：基于激光内送粉技术,借助6轴机器人实现了光头空间变姿态/变方向分层激光堆积成形。重点研究了连续变换基体空间角度对熔道形貌的影响;分析了空间变姿态/变方向激光堆积的难点和关键技术;进行了空间连续变姿态/变方向实体成形试验,并对成形件的壁厚、组织、显微硬度进行了分析。结果表明,随基板倾斜角度增大,熔池最大偏移量为0.06 mm,重力对熔池的流动影响不明显;采用切向分层技术、熔道变角度生长自适应技术以及轴线偏移补偿技术有效地解决了"花瓶"状变径回转体激光成形堆积的难点。成形件与基体为冶金结合,熔道不同区域的组织和显微硬度各有不同,成形组织整体较为细密均匀,区域显微硬度变化较小;成形件大角度变化处,显微硬度有一定下降,成形件小角度变化处,显微硬度无明显改变。
[Abstract]:Based on the laser powder feeding technology, the layered laser stacking is realized with the help of a 6-axis robot. The influence of the space angle of the continuous transformation matrix on the morphology of the fusion channel is studied, the difficulties and key technologies of the laser stacking with variable attitude / variable direction are analyzed, and the solid forming experiments of continuous attitude change / variable direction are carried out. The wall thickness, microstructure and microhardness of the forming parts were analyzed. The results show that the maximum deviation of the molten pool is 0.06 mm with the increase of the inclined angle of the substrate, and the influence of gravity on the flow of the molten pool is not obvious. The technology of adaptive growth of melt channel and offset of axis can effectively solve the problem of laser forming and accumulation of "vase" shaped variable diameter rotary body. The microstructure and microhardness are different in different areas of the melt channel, the whole forming microstructure is fine and uniform, the change of regional microhardness is small, and the microhardness decreases at large angle of forming parts. There is no obvious change in microhardness at the small angle of the forming parts.
【作者单位】：苏州大学机电工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(61475107;50975187)
【分类号】：TP242;TG665

【参考文献】