废旧机床精度再制造性分析与研究
发布时间：2018-08-27 17:00
【摘要】：机床的加工精度是衡量机床性能的最基本指标。废旧机床再制造不但能够减少环境污染实现废旧机床资源的最大化利用,还可以有效地恢复并且提高了机床的加工精度和生产效率,是废旧机床循环再利用的最佳形式。在过去的几十年中,数控化改造是废旧机床再制造的主要手段,精度再制造问题成为机床再制造发展中的薄弱环节。对废旧机床的精度再制造性进行分析与研究,不但能解决再制造过程中的精度控制问题,还能有效的降低再制造成本,达到事半功倍的效果,在工程应用方面具有重大的意义。本文从建立再制造机床零部件的几何误差与再制造机床整体误差之间的关系出发,系统性地梳理和分析了废旧机床精度再制造中涉及的几何精度设计问题,并着重研究了卧式车床的几何误差建模,零部件磨损量与其几何误差之间的关系,影响再制造机床误差敏感度大小的因素,以及修复关键零部件的工艺等问题。运用多体系统理论方法对废旧机床进行精度再制造的分析,综合考虑机床各零部件的几何误差,并运用坐标系特性矩阵形成规律,用齐次坐标矩阵的变换来描述各零部件之间的运动关系,建立了普通卧式车床的精度模型,并给出了具体的数学表达式。为了揭示误差从机床零部件的磨损量传递到机床整体加工误差的规律关系,本文根据机床各零部件的结构关系,建立了零部件的磨损量与零部件几何误差之间的关系。为了分析影响机床几何误差的关键性因素,本文根据机床整体误差模型,采用高阶无穷小近似为0的方法,简单有效的建立出各零部件的磨损量参数的敏感度分析模型,为废旧机床精度再制造理论分析提供了重要的理论依据。最后本文在理论研究的基础上,还针对卧式车床CA6140进行几何误差灵敏度分析与零部件磨损量灵敏度分析,得到了车床导轨及主轴的磨损量是影响机床整体精度的主要因素,并研究了主要零部件的再制造方法与工艺,分析了贴塑导轨和主轴再制造的特点以及工艺过程。实例分析结果表明本文所建立的误差模型和误差敏感度分析是可行的,为废旧机床精度再制造的方案制定提供了依据。
[Abstract]:The machining accuracy of machine tool is the most basic index to measure the performance of machine tool. The remanufacture of waste machine tools can not only reduce the environmental pollution and realize the maximum utilization of waste machine tools resources, but also can effectively restore and improve the machining accuracy and production efficiency of the machine tools. It is the best form of recycling and reuse of waste machine tools. In the past few decades, numerical control transformation is the main means of remanufacturing waste machine tools, and precision remanufacturing has become a weak link in the development of machine tool remanufacturing. The analysis and research on the precision remanufacturing of waste machine tools can not only solve the problem of precision control in the process of remanufacturing, but also effectively reduce the cost of remanufacturing and achieve the effect of twice the result with half the effort. It is of great significance in engineering application. Based on the establishment of the relationship between the geometric errors of the parts and components of the remanufacturing machine tools and the overall errors of the remanufacturing machine tools, this paper systematically combs and analyzes the geometric precision design problems involved in the precision remanufacturing of the waste machine tools. The geometric error modeling of horizontal lathe, the relationship between parts wear and geometric error, the factors influencing the error sensitivity of remanufacturing machine tool, and the process of repairing key parts are studied. The method of multi-body system theory is used to analyze the precision remanufacture of the waste machine tool. The geometric errors of each part of the machine tool are considered synthetically, and the law is formed by using the characteristic matrix of coordinate system. The transformation of homogeneous coordinate matrix is used to describe the kinematic relationship between parts and components, the precision model of general horizontal lathe is established, and the concrete mathematical expression is given. In order to reveal the relationship between the error transfer from the wear amount of machine tool parts to the machining error of the whole machine tool, the relationship between the wear quantity of parts and the geometric error of parts is established according to the structural relationship of each part of the machine tool. In order to analyze the key factors that affect the geometric error of machine tools, the sensitivity analysis model of wear parameters of various parts is established simply and effectively by using the method of high order infinitesimal approximation of 0 according to the overall error model of machine tools. It provides an important theoretical basis for the theoretical analysis of precision remanufacturing of waste machine tools. Finally, on the basis of theoretical research, the geometric error sensitivity analysis and component wear sensitivity analysis for horizontal lathe CA6140 are carried out. It is concluded that the wear quantity of the guide rail and spindle of the lathe is the main factor that affects the overall accuracy of the machine tool. The remanufacturing method and process of main parts are studied, and the characteristics and process of plastic guide rail and spindle remanufacturing are analyzed. The result of example analysis shows that the error model and error sensitivity analysis are feasible, which provides the basis for the scheme of precision remanufacture of waste machine tools.
【学位授予单位】：江苏理工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG502.6
本文编号：2207881
[Abstract]:The machining accuracy of machine tool is the most basic index to measure the performance of machine tool. The remanufacture of waste machine tools can not only reduce the environmental pollution and realize the maximum utilization of waste machine tools resources, but also can effectively restore and improve the machining accuracy and production efficiency of the machine tools. It is the best form of recycling and reuse of waste machine tools. In the past few decades, numerical control transformation is the main means of remanufacturing waste machine tools, and precision remanufacturing has become a weak link in the development of machine tool remanufacturing. The analysis and research on the precision remanufacturing of waste machine tools can not only solve the problem of precision control in the process of remanufacturing, but also effectively reduce the cost of remanufacturing and achieve the effect of twice the result with half the effort. It is of great significance in engineering application. Based on the establishment of the relationship between the geometric errors of the parts and components of the remanufacturing machine tools and the overall errors of the remanufacturing machine tools, this paper systematically combs and analyzes the geometric precision design problems involved in the precision remanufacturing of the waste machine tools. The geometric error modeling of horizontal lathe, the relationship between parts wear and geometric error, the factors influencing the error sensitivity of remanufacturing machine tool, and the process of repairing key parts are studied. The method of multi-body system theory is used to analyze the precision remanufacture of the waste machine tool. The geometric errors of each part of the machine tool are considered synthetically, and the law is formed by using the characteristic matrix of coordinate system. The transformation of homogeneous coordinate matrix is used to describe the kinematic relationship between parts and components, the precision model of general horizontal lathe is established, and the concrete mathematical expression is given. In order to reveal the relationship between the error transfer from the wear amount of machine tool parts to the machining error of the whole machine tool, the relationship between the wear quantity of parts and the geometric error of parts is established according to the structural relationship of each part of the machine tool. In order to analyze the key factors that affect the geometric error of machine tools, the sensitivity analysis model of wear parameters of various parts is established simply and effectively by using the method of high order infinitesimal approximation of 0 according to the overall error model of machine tools. It provides an important theoretical basis for the theoretical analysis of precision remanufacturing of waste machine tools. Finally, on the basis of theoretical research, the geometric error sensitivity analysis and component wear sensitivity analysis for horizontal lathe CA6140 are carried out. It is concluded that the wear quantity of the guide rail and spindle of the lathe is the main factor that affects the overall accuracy of the machine tool. The remanufacturing method and process of main parts are studied, and the characteristics and process of plastic guide rail and spindle remanufacturing are analyzed. The result of example analysis shows that the error model and error sensitivity analysis are feasible, which provides the basis for the scheme of precision remanufacture of waste machine tools.
【学位授予单位】：江苏理工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG502.6
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