基于静压技术的镗铣床主轴箱设计与分析

发布时间：2018-09-09 20:10

【摘要】：精密化是落地镗铣床发展的主要方向,主轴箱是落地镗铣床最重要的组成单元之一;静压承载技术具有摩擦系数小、支承刚度高、吸振等优点,已经广泛应用在各种大中型机械。目前,在国产落地镗铣床上把静压承载技术应用在主轴箱滑枕上的较少,本课题主要针对静压技术在落地镗铣床主轴箱滑枕上的应用进行研究。(1)滑枕的支承具有结构要求以及受力要求,本课题从静压支承的原理入手,分别证明了静压支承技术能够符合滑枕支承的结构要求以及受力要求,推导出恒压式、恒流式静压支承方式承载能力W与油膜刚性J与油腔有效承载长度l1、宽度b1、油膜厚度h、毛细管长度L、供油流量Q之间的关系;通过对两种静压支承方式的制造成本,制造工艺性,承载能力等因素进行比较,最终选择恒压式静压支承方式。(2)根据主轴箱设计参数,对主轴箱进行设计,将原有的滑枕支承方式由硬轨支承改变为静压支承。通过对滑枕的受力分析、结构分析,对油腔形状、油腔位置、供油系统压力、油腔压力等参数进行设计,绘制供油系统简单原理图;设计出采用静压支承技术的主轴箱。(3)利用有限元软件ANSYS分别建立了主轴箱主轴组件及滑枕的动力学模型,求解得到了主轴组件与滑枕的固有频率与主振型,计算了主轴的临界转速。对比了采用硬轨支承与采用静压支承的滑枕动刚度,发现采用静压支承方式滑枕的动刚度显著提高。
[Abstract]:Precision is the main direction of the development of the ground boring and milling machine, the spindle box is one of the most important components of the floor boring and milling machine, the static pressure bearing technology has the advantages of small friction coefficient, high supporting stiffness and vibration absorption, etc. Has been widely used in a variety of large and medium-sized machinery. At present, the static pressure bearing technology is seldom applied to the sliding pillow of the spindle box on the domestic ground boring and milling machine. This subject mainly focuses on the application of static pressure technology on the sliding pillow of the spindle box of the landing boring and milling machine. (1) the support of the sliding pillow has the structural requirements as well as the stress requirement. This subject starts with the principle of the static pressure support. It is proved that the static pressure supporting technology can meet the structural and mechanical requirements of the sliding pillow support, and the constant pressure formula is derived. The relationship between the bearing capacity W and the oil film rigidity J and the effective bearing length l1, width b1, oil film thickness h, capillary length L, oil flow rate Q, and the manufacturing cost of the two kinds of hydrostatic support modes, The manufacturing process and bearing capacity are compared, and the static pressure bearing mode is chosen. (2) according to the design parameters of the spindle box, the spindle box is designed, and the original bearing mode of the sliding pillow is changed from the hard rail support to the static pressure support. Through the analysis of the force and structure of the sliding pillow, the parameters such as the shape of the oil chamber, the position of the oil chamber, the pressure of the oil supply system and the pressure of the oil chamber are designed, and the simple schematic diagram of the oil supply system is drawn. The spindle box with static pressure supporting technology is designed. (3) the dynamic models of spindle assembly and sliding pillow of spindle box are established by using finite element software ANSYS, and the natural frequency and main vibration mode of spindle assembly and sliding pillow are obtained. The critical speed of spindle is calculated. The dynamic stiffness of sliding pillow with hard rail support and hydrostatic support is compared, and it is found that the dynamic stiffness of sliding pillow with static pressure support is improved significantly.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG536

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