弧焊过程多适应性在线监测系统研究

发布时间：2018-10-12 10:18

【摘要】：近年来,焊接技术在工业自动化生产中得到越来越广泛的应用,焊接作为一种重要的生产工艺,对焊接质量高效率的评估是当前焊接领域的重要研究方向之一,而将机器视觉集成到自动化焊接系统中,代替人的直接观察也是焊接过程监控的趋势,因此焊接过程监测设备的研究对焊接具有重要的意义。现代工业生产中,多种不同焊接工艺同时工作的情况普遍存在,而目前的相关研究中大多数针对一种焊接工艺的视觉传感进行研究,本课题设计了一套多适应性传感系统,可以针对多种焊接工艺进行视觉监测,在获取图像信息之后通过对图像进行图像处理,提取熔池和熔滴的边界信息。焊接过程中的电参数可以很好的反映当前的焊接状态,嵌入式系统可以实时的采集焊接过程中的电参数并对电参数进行分析,提取出能够反映焊接状态的目标参数,如燃弧能量输入、焊接周期等参数,PC可视化界面可以实时的显示电参数以及图像信息,为焊接质量的评估提供了支持。本课题针对弧焊过程设计了一套具有多适应性的实时在线监测系统,该系统主要包括:电流电压传感器、嵌入式系统、工业相机、滤光系统以及PC可视化界面。电流电压传感器可以实现焊接过程中电信号的实时转换,使焊接电信号与采集系统的幅值进行匹配;嵌入式系统是基于STM32设计完成,可以实现数据的采集与分析,同时可以控制相机进行图像的获取;PC可视化界面可以实时的显示电参数以及图像信息,并可以通过设置界面实现对嵌入式系统工作模式的设定,同时其数据保存功能为焊后分析提供了可能。本文所设计的监测系统具有多适应性,可以针对不同的焊接工艺进行实时监测。为了验证监测系统的多适应性,本文针对视觉控制以及电参数分析两个方面对多适应性进行了验证,通过对不同焊接方式的实验结果进行综合的分析与评价,验证了该系统对于多种焊接工艺的适应性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, welding technology has been more and more widely used in industrial automation production. As an important production process, the evaluation of welding quality and high efficiency is one of the important research directions in the field of welding. It is also the trend of welding process monitoring to integrate machine vision into automatic welding system instead of human direct observation, so the research of welding process monitoring equipment is of great significance to welding. In modern industrial production, many different welding processes work at the same time. However, most of the current researches focus on the visual sensing of a welding process. A multi-adaptive sensing system is designed in this paper. Visual monitoring can be carried out for various welding processes. After obtaining image information, the boundary information of molten pool and droplet can be extracted by image processing. The electrical parameters in the welding process can well reflect the current welding state. The embedded system can collect and analyze the electrical parameters in the welding process in real time, and extract the target parameters which can reflect the welding state. Such as arc energy input, welding period and other parameters, PC visual interface can real-time display electrical parameters and image information, which provides support for the evaluation of welding quality. A multi-adaptive real-time on-line monitoring system is designed in this paper. The system mainly includes: current and voltage sensor, embedded system, industrial camera, filter system and PC visual interface. The current and voltage sensor can realize the real-time conversion of the electric signal in welding process, make the welding electric signal match the amplitude of the acquisition system, and the embedded system is designed based on STM32, which can realize the data acquisition and analysis. At the same time, the camera can be controlled to obtain images, and the PC visual interface can display electrical parameters and image information in real time, and can set the working mode of embedded system by setting interface. At the same time, its data saving function provides the possibility for post-welding analysis. The monitoring system designed in this paper has many adaptations and can be monitored in real time for different welding processes. In order to verify the multi-adaptability of the monitoring system, this paper verifies the multi-adaptability in two aspects: visual control and electrical parameter analysis. The experimental results of different welding methods are analyzed and evaluated synthetically. The adaptability of the system to various welding processes is verified.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG409

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