磁流变抛光中的工件自定位算法与系统实现

发布时间：2018-10-16 09:41

【摘要】：随着“工业4.0”的概念及智能制造技术的兴起,当今世界先进制造领域的制造设备正迎来新一轮变革。工件自定位技术作为智能制造技术的重要组成部分,能够显著提升机床工作效率,节省整体加工时间,然而光学制造领域尚未有应用工件自定位技术的相关报道。本文主要开展工件自定位理论与算法及其在磁流变抛光中的应用研究,以期进一步提升磁流变抛光设备的性能和自动化水平,全文主要研究内容如下:第一,工件自定位理论与算法的研究。研究了工件自定位中工件寻位算法的经典形式,并由此提出了一种新算法——同步迭代寻位算法。通过仿真,比较了不同算法的性能,证明了同步迭代寻位算法的有效性。第二,开展了工件自定位中的测头半径补偿与测量点分布优化研究。研究了接触式测量时,补偿测量数据中测头半径的方法;建立了测量点分布优化算法,结合磁流变抛光对寻位精度的需求,提出了一种工件自定位中的光学元件测量策略,并在仿真中实现了较少测量点下的高精度寻位。第三,设计并实现了磁流变抛光机床工件自定位系统。以加工运动和测量运动互不干涉为原则,对测量机构进行了设计;对作为关键元件的测头进行了性能需求分析及测试实验;通过编写工件自定位系统软件,实现了测量过程的自动化,以及加工代码对工件位姿的匹配。第四,工件自定位系统的性能测试与验证。通过考察去除函数稳定性和光学元件面形误差收敛率,验证了自定位系统的工件寻位精度;从工件定位全过程时间的角度,验证了自定位系统的工作效率。通过光学元件面形修形实验,证明了系统的工业应用能力。
[Abstract]:With the concept of "industry 4.0" and the rise of intelligent manufacturing technology, manufacturing equipment in the world's advanced manufacturing field is undergoing a new round of changes. As an important part of intelligent manufacturing technology, workpiece self-positioning technology can significantly improve the working efficiency of machine tools and save the overall processing time. However, there is no related report on the application of workpiece self-positioning technology in optical manufacturing field. In this paper, the theory and algorithm of workpiece self-localization and its application in magnetorheological polishing are studied in order to further improve the performance and automation level of magnetorheological polishing equipment. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: first, Research on job self-localization theory and algorithm. In this paper, the classical form of workpiece locating algorithm in job self-localization is studied, and a new algorithm, synchronous iterative location finding algorithm, is proposed. Through simulation, the performance of different algorithms is compared, and the effectiveness of synchronous iterative location finding algorithm is proved. Secondly, the radius compensation of probe and the optimization of measuring point distribution in self-positioning of workpiece are carried out. In this paper, the method of compensating the probe radius in the measured data is studied, and the optimum algorithm of measuring point distribution is established. A measurement strategy of optical element in self-positioning of workpiece is put forward according to the requirement of locating precision in MRF. In the simulation, the high precision locating is realized under the few measuring points. Thirdly, the work piece self-positioning system of MRF machine tool is designed and implemented. Based on the principle of non-interference between machining motion and measuring motion, the measuring mechanism is designed. The performance requirement analysis and test experiment of the probe, which is the key component, is carried out, and the software of workpiece self-positioning system is written. The automation of the measurement process and the matching of the position and pose of the workpiece with the machining code are realized. Fourth, the performance test and verification of the workpiece self-positioning system. The stability of the removal function and the convergence rate of the optical element surface error are investigated to verify the job location accuracy of the self-positioning system, and the work efficiency of the self-positioning system is verified from the point of view of the whole process time of the workpiece positioning. The industrial application ability of the system is proved by the experiment of optical element profile modification.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG659

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