斯太尔摩散卷轧件温度在线监测系统的研究

发布时间：2018-11-11 12:57

【摘要】：2012年我国的线材总产量达到13616万吨,占全世界线材总产量的三分之一,也成为世界第一线材大国,但是我国还不能称作世界线材强国,因为由于线材运用场合的不同,对其品质的要求也越来越高,包括线材的材质均匀性、内部张力的均匀性、抗疲劳性等等,但我国生产的线材与世界工业发达国家还有一定差距,高精尖优质线材还需要依靠进口,消耗大量外汇。而提高线材质量的重点在于对其冷却阶段的控制,斯太尔摩冷却线是现在运用最广泛、最高效的线材冷却方法,它通过控制线材冷却过程中的温降来保证线材内部的金相变化的稳定性,对线材成品的内部组织、力学性能及二次氧化均有重要的影响。但是对于整个冷却过程中的温度变化一直都使用的是经验判断方法,由散卷重叠、冷却风风量分布不均所造成的散卷温度分布差异信息无法获取,没有成熟完善的设备进行精确的温度监控,很难保证线材内部各处的金相变化的一致性。因此,本课题在此基础上提出了研发一种基于红外图像信息及光谱分析原理,同时完成散卷轧件运行监视及其温度实时检测的特种监测产品。通过红外热像技术测量全视场范围内散卷轧件温度,从而获得散卷轧件沿运行方向上的温度变化数据,并实现温度分布的可视化,直观监视金相相变点,也可对控制冷却工艺效能进行验证,有利于对现有的系统进一步地改进、优化。本论文工作主要包括以下的几项内容：1.从红外测温的基本原理普朗克辐射定律开始一步一步推导出双波长比色测温法的基本公式及设备修正因子K；2.进行系统设备的原理设计,分析现场环境对测温所选取波长的影响,选择最优波长、分析计算大气红外辐射等其他影响测量的因素,并对光学镜组进行优化设计,提供更高的能量利用率；3.现场软件的流程设计,对相机采集同步功能的运用以及对其他软件模块的设计及编写；4.对完成的设备进行黑体炉实验并进行设备参数,曝光时间、同步校正、设备修正因子K,的标定；5.对采集的图像数据进行直方图滤波、边缘提取等操作,以用来提取更清楚的图像信息,同时对于两台相机的错位关系进行校正,寻找对应关系；6.最后展示了在线运行的实验结果,并进行了误差分析。
[Abstract]:In 2012, the total output of wire rod in China reached 136.16 million tons, accounting for 1/3 of the total output of wire rod in the world, and China has also become the largest country in the world. However, China cannot be called a powerful country in wire rod production in the world, because of the difference in the use of wire rod. The requirements for its quality are also becoming higher and higher, including the uniformity of wire material, the uniformity of internal tension, fatigue resistance and so on. However, the wire rod produced in our country still has a certain gap with the developed industrial countries in the world. High-quality wire also needs to rely on imports, consuming a large amount of foreign exchange. The key to improving the quality of wire rod is to control the cooling stage of wire rod. Steelmo cooling line is the most widely used and most efficient cooling method for wire rod. It can ensure the stability of metallographic changes in the wire by controlling the temperature drop in the cooling process of the wire rod, and has an important effect on the internal structure, mechanical properties and secondary oxidation of the wire products. However, for the temperature variation in the whole cooling process, the empirical judgment method is used all the time. The difference information of the temperature distribution caused by the unevenness of the distribution of the air volume of the cooling wind can not be obtained, because of the overlap of the scattered wind and the uneven distribution of the cooling air volume. Without sophisticated equipment for precise temperature monitoring, it is difficult to ensure the consistency of metallographic changes throughout the wire. Therefore, based on the theory of infrared image information and spectral analysis, a special monitoring product based on infrared image information and spectrum analysis is proposed in this paper, which can be used to monitor the operation of unrolled workpiece and to detect the temperature in real time at the same time. In this paper, the temperature of unrolled rolled piece in the whole field of view is measured by infrared thermal imaging technology, and the temperature change data along the running direction are obtained, and the visualization of temperature distribution is realized, and the metallographic phase transition point is directly monitored. The efficiency of the controlled cooling process can also be verified, which is conducive to the further improvement and optimization of the existing system. The work of this thesis mainly includes the following contents: 1. From the basic principle of infrared temperature measurement, Planck's radiation law, the basic formula of dual-wavelength colorimetric temperature measurement method and the equipment correction factor K _ (2) are derived step by step. The principle of the system equipment is designed, the influence of the field environment on the selected wavelength of the temperature measurement is analyzed, the optimum wavelength is selected, the other factors affecting the measurement, such as the infrared radiation of the atmosphere, are analyzed and calculated, and the optimum design of the optical mirror group is carried out. Provide higher energy efficiency; 3. Field software flow design, the use of camera acquisition synchronization function and other software modules design and writing; 4. Complete blackbody furnace experiments and equipment parameters, exposure time, synchronization correction, equipment correction factor K, calibration; 5. Histogram filtering, edge extraction and other operations are used to extract clearer image information. At the same time, the dislocation relationship between the two cameras is corrected to find the corresponding relationship. 6. Finally, the experimental results of online operation are presented, and the error analysis is carried out.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG335;TP274

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