深孔加工用镗杆减振性能的研究

发布时间：2018-11-19 13:30

【摘要】：随着现在科技的高速发展,对机械加工的要求也就越来越高。我国关于深孔加工减振技术的研究,远落后于发达国家。大长径比镗杆作为主要深孔加工工具,直接影响深孔加工技术的发展。而导致大长径比镗杆技术研究进展缓慢的一个重要原因就是,对影响其振动的主要参数了解不足。从这个问题出发,本文将研究影响大长径比镗杆振动的主要因素。首先,本文以细长杆代替镗杆进行模态仿真,得到各阶模态及所对应的最大变形区域。又对其进行频响分析,得到镗杆最大振幅发生在基频下。根据基频下的振型,在相应位置处添加动力吸振器,并建立理论模型,计算出最佳阻尼比和最佳频率比。其次,根据悬臂梁的挠度理论,分析镗杆空腔直径及长度对镗杆振动的影响,最终确定本文研究的镗杆空腔直径及长度,并根据减振镗杆理论模型中所求的参数,求出镗杆吸振器中各参数的值,并对所求的参数进行优化。第三,采用有限元仿真的方法,建立镗杆吸振器主要参数与镗杆振动的联系,并仿真分析吸振器主要参数对镗杆振动影响规律,及进行实验来验证以上仿真的正确性。第四,建立在实际加工中切削参数与镗杆受力的联系,并采用有限元仿真在实际加工中镗杆受力与镗杆振动的关系,用于研究切削参数对镗杆振动的影响规律,并对以上仿真内容进行实验来验证分析的正确性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology, the requirement of machining is becoming higher and higher. The research on vibration absorption technology of deep hole processing in China lags far behind the developed countries. As the main tool of deep hole machining, large aspect ratio boring bar has a direct impact on the development of deep hole processing technology. An important reason for the slow development of the boring bar technology with large aspect ratio is the lack of understanding of the main parameters that affect its vibration. Starting from this problem, this paper will study the main factors that affect the vibration of boring bar with large aspect ratio. First, the slender bar is used instead of the boring bar for modal simulation, and the corresponding maximum deformation region is obtained. The frequency response analysis shows that the maximum amplitude of boring bar occurs at the fundamental frequency. According to the mode shape of the base frequency, the dynamic vibration absorber is added at the corresponding position, and the theoretical model is established to calculate the optimum damping ratio and the optimal frequency ratio. Secondly, according to the deflection theory of cantilever beam, the influence of bore cavity diameter and length on the vibration of boring bar is analyzed. Finally, the diameter and length of boring bar cavity are determined, and the parameters are obtained according to the theoretical model of damping boring bar. The values of the parameters in the vibration absorber of the boring bar are obtained, and the parameters are optimized. Thirdly, the relationship between the main parameters of the vibration absorber and the vibration of the boring bar is established by using the finite element simulation method, and the influence of the main parameters of the absorber on the vibration of the boring bar is analyzed by simulation, and the correctness of the above simulation is verified by experiments. Fourthly, the relationship between cutting parameters and boring bar force is established in actual machining, and the relationship between boring bar force and boring bar vibration is simulated by finite element method, which is used to study the influence of cutting parameters on boring bar vibration. Experiments on the above simulation contents are carried out to verify the correctness of the analysis.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG53

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