微细加工机床状态监测与控制系统的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-11-24 11:47

【摘要】：随着人们对产品的性能要求越来越高，微细加工技术及机床在很多复杂零件加工应用越来越多，比如惯性导航陀螺、发动机活塞等。因此，微细加工机床开发及高效可靠的运行显得尤为重要。本文以课题组自主研发的微细加工机床为对象，开展了微细加工机床状态监控技术及系统的研究，并取得了一些成果。本文首先详细介绍了微细加工机床的机械本体结构和控制系统基本构成，并根据机床的设计要求，分析并配置了状态监控系统的硬件，包括PLC、机床操作台、液压气动元件等，为状态监控系统提供了硬件基础。通过调研设备状态监控技术，提出了采用故障树分析法进行系统开发，并设计了状态监控流程，同时采用.NET开发了上位机软件，编写了PLC程序，为机床集成与调试提供了技术支持。根据生热和传热理论知识，确定了机床中电主轴热载荷参数，开展了电主轴温度场仿真分析，得出了电主轴转速和冷却液温度对电主轴温度的影响规律，为电主轴温度控制提供了基础数据，并采用支持向量机智能方法预测电主轴温度，，采用粒子群优化算法对模型参数进行寻优，建立了电主轴温度预测模型，为实现电主轴温度实时控制做了初步探讨。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for the performance of products, micro-machining technology and machine tools are more and more used in the processing of many complex parts, such as inertial navigation gyroscope, engine piston and so on. Therefore, the development of micro-machining machine tools and efficient and reliable operation is particularly important. In this paper, the micro-machining machine tool, which is developed by our research group, has been studied and some achievements have been made in the technology and system of micro-machining machine tool status monitoring. In this paper, the structure of the machine body and the basic structure of the control system are introduced in detail. According to the design requirements of the machine tool, the hardware of the state monitoring system is analyzed and configured, including the PLC, machine tool operating table, the hydraulic pneumatic components and so on. It provides the hardware base for the state monitoring system. Based on the investigation of equipment status monitoring technology, this paper puts forward a fault tree analysis method for system development, and designs the state monitoring process. At the same time, the upper computer software is developed with .NET, and the PLC program is written. It provides technical support for machine tool integration and debugging. Based on the theoretical knowledge of heat generation and heat transfer, the thermal load parameters of the motorized spindle in machine tools are determined, and the simulation analysis of the temperature field of the motorized spindle is carried out, and the influence of the speed of the motorized spindle and the temperature of the coolant on the temperature of the motorized spindle is obtained. It provides the basic data for the temperature control of the motorized spindle, and adopts the intelligent method of support vector machine to predict the temperature of the motorized spindle. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the model, and the temperature prediction model of the motorized spindle is established. In order to realize the real-time temperature control of the motorized spindle, a preliminary discussion is made.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TG502

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