新型镀锌设备盐酸清洗缓蚀剂的研制
发布时间：2019-01-04 11:33
【摘要】：镀锌设备在大气环境和水质环境中都具有非常好的防腐性,被广泛的应用于食品、化工、石油等行业的设备镀层和阳极保护,尤其是水产业冷库设备、食品加工业蒸发冷凝器设备等。但是,在实际应用中,镀锌设备表面常常由于环境介质的作用产生大量积垢,覆盖在设备表面,严重影响设备的工作效率,造成极大能源浪费和产能下降等经济损失。这些积垢的最好去除方法是采用化学清洗,而最常用清洗剂是盐酸。金属锌性质活泼,具有极低的标准电极电位,极高的酸反应平衡常数,很容易和酸发生化学反应。因此,清洗积垢时添加有效缓蚀剂便成了清洗技术的关键。目前,国内外对锌缓蚀剂的报道很少,现有盐酸介质中锌的缓蚀剂都存在各种缺陷,而实际应用中,盐酸缓蚀剂的需求却越来越多。因此,盐酸介质中锌缓蚀剂的开发研制具有非常重要实用价值。本文利用失重法,对数百种化合物进行筛选,选出在盐酸介质中对金属锌有良好缓蚀效果的化合物,以方便制备复合缓蚀剂时参考使用。从筛选出的化合物中选出缓蚀效果相对较好的水杨醛进行了单组份缓蚀剂热力学性能研究。研究发现,水杨醛的热力学吸附符合朗缪尔吸附规律。且焓变、熵变、自由能变均小于零,即该缓蚀剂在金属表面的吸附是混乱度减小的放热自发过程。但是,在高温状态下,自由能增大,导致腐蚀速率增大。利用单组份筛选出来的缓蚀剂,经过数千次缓蚀组分的两两协同,三组分协同及多组分复配,研制出三种具有非常好的缓蚀效果的复合缓蚀剂。采用正交试验法,确定他们各自组分之间的最佳比例,最终成功研制出三种新型盐酸介质中金属锌缓蚀剂JZA-1、JZA-2和JZA-3。采用失重法研究了三种缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能和对酸度、温度及时间的抗干扰能力。研究表明,这三种缓蚀剂具有优良的缓蚀性能,尤其是缓蚀剂JZA-1和JZA-2,常规清洗条件下可使镀锌层的腐蚀速率下降至0.2 g·m-2·h-1以下,且不产生非均匀腐蚀现象。缓蚀剂抗干扰能力都很强,甚至在酸度达到10%,或者温度达到60℃时,仍未发现缓蚀剂失效现象;并且时间越久,缓蚀剂的锌腐蚀速率越低。通过对三种缓蚀剂进行电化学研究发现,与未加缓蚀剂时对比,添加缓蚀剂时使锌的腐蚀电流明显减小。JZA-1为电化学混合抑制型缓蚀剂,而JZA-2、JZA-3为阳极抑制型缓蚀剂。
[Abstract]:Galvanizing equipment has good anticorrosion in atmospheric environment and water quality environment. It has been widely used in food, chemical, petroleum and other industries, such as equipment coating and anode protection, especially in aquaculture cold storage equipment. Food processing industry evaporative condenser equipment, etc. However, in practical application, the surface of galvanizing equipment often produces a large amount of scale due to the action of environmental media, which seriously affects the working efficiency of the equipment and results in great economic losses such as energy waste and the decline of production capacity. The best way to remove these deposits is to use chemical cleaning, and the most commonly used cleaning agent is hydrochloric acid. Zinc has a very low standard electrode potential and a very high equilibrium constant of acid reaction, which makes it easy to react with acid. Therefore, the addition of effective corrosion inhibitor is the key of cleaning technology. At present, there are few reports on zinc corrosion inhibitors at home and abroad. There are various defects in zinc corrosion inhibitors in the existing hydrochloric acid medium, but in practical application, the demand for hydrochloric acid corrosion inhibitors is increasing. Therefore, the development of zinc corrosion inhibitor in hydrochloric acid medium has very important practical value. In this paper, hundreds of compounds were screened by weightlessness method, and the compounds with good corrosion inhibition effect to zinc metal in hydrochloric acid medium were selected, so as to facilitate the preparation of complex corrosion inhibitor. The thermodynamic properties of a single component corrosion inhibitor, salicylic aldehyde, which is relatively good in corrosion inhibition, were selected from the selected compounds. It is found that the thermodynamic adsorption of salicylaldehyde accords with Langmuir adsorption law. The enthalpy change, entropy change and free energy change are all less than zero, that is, the adsorption of the inhibitor on the metal surface is an exothermic spontaneous process in which the degree of confusion decreases. However, at high temperature, the free energy increases and the corrosion rate increases. Three kinds of complex corrosion inhibitors with very good corrosion inhibition effect were developed by using the single component selected corrosion inhibitor after several thousand times of pairwise cooperation of the corrosion inhibitor and the combination of the three components and the multicomponent. The optimum proportion of their components was determined by orthogonal test. Finally, three new metal zinc corrosion inhibitors, JZA-1,JZA-2 and JZA-3., were successfully developed in hydrochloric acid medium. The corrosion inhibition performance of three kinds of corrosion inhibitors and their anti-interference ability to acidity, temperature and time were studied by weightlessness method. The results show that these three inhibitors have excellent corrosion inhibition performance, especially the corrosion rate of zinc coating can be reduced to less than 0.2 g m-2 h-1 under the conditions of JZA-1 and JZA-2,. And does not produce the inhomogeneous corrosion phenomenon. The anti-interference ability of the inhibitor is very strong, even when the acidity reaches 10% or the temperature reaches 60 鈩，
本文编号：2400232
[Abstract]:Galvanizing equipment has good anticorrosion in atmospheric environment and water quality environment. It has been widely used in food, chemical, petroleum and other industries, such as equipment coating and anode protection, especially in aquaculture cold storage equipment. Food processing industry evaporative condenser equipment, etc. However, in practical application, the surface of galvanizing equipment often produces a large amount of scale due to the action of environmental media, which seriously affects the working efficiency of the equipment and results in great economic losses such as energy waste and the decline of production capacity. The best way to remove these deposits is to use chemical cleaning, and the most commonly used cleaning agent is hydrochloric acid. Zinc has a very low standard electrode potential and a very high equilibrium constant of acid reaction, which makes it easy to react with acid. Therefore, the addition of effective corrosion inhibitor is the key of cleaning technology. At present, there are few reports on zinc corrosion inhibitors at home and abroad. There are various defects in zinc corrosion inhibitors in the existing hydrochloric acid medium, but in practical application, the demand for hydrochloric acid corrosion inhibitors is increasing. Therefore, the development of zinc corrosion inhibitor in hydrochloric acid medium has very important practical value. In this paper, hundreds of compounds were screened by weightlessness method, and the compounds with good corrosion inhibition effect to zinc metal in hydrochloric acid medium were selected, so as to facilitate the preparation of complex corrosion inhibitor. The thermodynamic properties of a single component corrosion inhibitor, salicylic aldehyde, which is relatively good in corrosion inhibition, were selected from the selected compounds. It is found that the thermodynamic adsorption of salicylaldehyde accords with Langmuir adsorption law. The enthalpy change, entropy change and free energy change are all less than zero, that is, the adsorption of the inhibitor on the metal surface is an exothermic spontaneous process in which the degree of confusion decreases. However, at high temperature, the free energy increases and the corrosion rate increases. Three kinds of complex corrosion inhibitors with very good corrosion inhibition effect were developed by using the single component selected corrosion inhibitor after several thousand times of pairwise cooperation of the corrosion inhibitor and the combination of the three components and the multicomponent. The optimum proportion of their components was determined by orthogonal test. Finally, three new metal zinc corrosion inhibitors, JZA-1,JZA-2 and JZA-3., were successfully developed in hydrochloric acid medium. The corrosion inhibition performance of three kinds of corrosion inhibitors and their anti-interference ability to acidity, temperature and time were studied by weightlessness method. The results show that these three inhibitors have excellent corrosion inhibition performance, especially the corrosion rate of zinc coating can be reduced to less than 0.2 g m-2 h-1 under the conditions of JZA-1 and JZA-2,. And does not produce the inhomogeneous corrosion phenomenon. The anti-interference ability of the inhibitor is very strong, even when the acidity reaches 10% or the temperature reaches 60 鈩，
本文编号：2400232
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